微短剧的“爽”与“不爽”:原质快感理论下的悖反机制与竞速陷阱  

The Jouissance of Micro-Drama:The Paradoxical Mechanism and Speed Trap in"Thing-Jouissance"Theory

作　　者：黄美笛 Huang Meidi

机构地区：[1]厦门大学马克思主义学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《南京社会科学》2024年第9期135-147,共13页Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：福建省社会科学基金青年项目“哈贝马斯真理观的再诠释研究”(FJ2024C148);中央高校基本科研业务费项目“哈贝马斯认识论思想及其当代价值研究”(ZK1058)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为一种新兴的网络文艺形态,微短剧正逐渐成为现代人休闲娱乐的重要方式。微短剧中的快感并非纯粹欲望满足,而是与人的本体存在密切相关。“爽”作为快感“解蔽-遮蔽”存在逻辑的对象化显现,恰恰是对现代人竞速生存状态“不爽”的印证。微短剧快感机制正是在“爽”的这种悖反状态中展开的。具体而言,微短剧首先通过知觉体验、情绪体验和思维意识体验三个层次的“爽感”生产,为观众提供了超我快感与原质快感的满足。其次,微短剧适应于时空压缩与阶层分隔的现实境况,围绕观众的注意力和情感共鸣进行“爽感”获得的合理分配。最后,在消费主义影响下,微短剧“爽”的文化意义逐渐商品化,致力于剩余快感的创造和实现,放逐了观众真正精神生活的满足,将观众更深地卷入快感消费的意识形态漩涡。在一定程度上,微短剧快感机制中“爽”与“不爽”的交织循环开辟了现代人思考自身存在问题的空间。然而,这亦引致资本力量的介入,将快感变成遮蔽金钱的外衣,使微短剧沦为商品逻辑支配的对象,加速了消费者社会的结构变迁,阻碍了微短剧行业的健康良性发展。Micro-drama,as an emerging form of network literature and art,has gradually become an important way of leisure and entertainment for modern people.The jouissance in micro-drama is not pure desire fulfillment,but is closely related to the ontological existence of human beings.The sensation of"jouissance",as an embodiment of the logic of"revealing-concealing"enjoyment,serves as a reflection of the"unpleasantness"experienced by modern individuals in their fast-paced existence.The mechanism of enjoyment in micro-drama unfolds precisely in this paradoxical state of"jouissance".Specifically,through the production of"jouissance"at the three levels of perceptual experience,emotional experience and thought-consciousness experience,micro-drama firstly provides the audience with the fulfillment of"Superego enjoyment"and"Thing-jouissance".Secondly,adapting to the reality of time and space compression and class separation,the micro-drama rationally distributes the"jouissance"around the audience's attention and emotional resonance.Finally,under the influence of consumerism,the cultural significance of"jouissance"in micro-drama is gradually commodified,devoted to the creation and realization of surplus enjoyment,banishing the satisfaction of the audience's real spiritual life,and involving the audience more deeply in the ideological vortex of jouissance consumption.To some extent,the intertwined cycle of"pleasure"and"unpleasantness"in the enjoyment mechanism of micro-drama has opened up a space for modern people to think about their own existence.However,this has also led to the intervention of the power of capital,turning"jouissance"into a cloak for hiding money,reducing micro-drama to an object dominated by the logic of commodities,accelerating the structural changes in the consumer society,and hindering the healthy and benign development of the micro-drama industry.

关 键 词：微短剧 快感机制 精神分析 竞速生存 消费主义意识形态 

分 类 号：I235[文学—中国文学]