重视自身免疫性肾病、肺病生物标志物实验室检查及临床推广应用  

Emphasis on the laboratory testing of biomarkers for autoimmune nephropathies and lung diseases and the clinical promotion of their application

作　　者：李永哲[1] Li Yongzhe(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院检验,北京100730

出　　处：《中华检验医学杂志》2024年第9期981-986,共6页Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：自身免疫性肾病和肺病是由免疫系统错误地攻击肾脏和肺部所引起的疾病,由于发病机制复杂,临床表现多变且缺乏特异性,使得准确诊断面临诸多挑战。尽管抗髓过氧化物酶抗体、抗蛋白酶3抗体、抗磷脂酶A2受体抗体等标志物已广泛应用于临床实践,显著提高了诊断的精确性和效能,但血清阴性的膜性肾病、免疫球蛋白A肾病、肺泡蛋白沉积症、间质性肺病、肺结节病等疾病仍缺乏特异的诊断指标。因此亟需寻找更加敏感和特异的标志物,为早期诊断和指导个性化治疗提供依据。为了进一步提升诊疗质量,未来需致力于推动检测方法的规范化和标准化,以确保检测过程的质量控制。这将有助于提升自身免疫性肾病和肺病的实验室检测水平,促进其在临床实践中的推广应用,从而更好地服务于临床诊疗,改善患者的临床结局和生活质量。Autoimmune nephropathies and lung dieases are conditions arised from the mistaken attacks of the immune system to the kidneys and lungs.Due to the complex pathogenesis and the variability and lack of specificity of clinical manifestations,there are many challenges on accurate diagnosis.While markers such as anti-MPO antibody,anti-PR3 antibody,and anti-PLA2R antibody have been widely used in clinical practise which obviously improved diagnostic precision and efficiency,there remains a deficiency in specific diagnostic indicators for conditions like seronegative membranous nephropathies,IgA nephropathies,alveolar protein deposition,interstitial lung disease,and pulmonary nodular disease.Thus,there is an urgent need to discover more sensitive and specific markers to provide basis for early diagnosis and personalized treatment guidance.For further quality improvment of diagnosis and treatment,we will focus on promoting normalization and standardization of testing methods to ensure quality control during analytical processes.This will bolster the laboratory analysis of the markers for autoimmune nephropathies and lung diseases markers,and will facilitate their clinical applications,so as to improve clinical diagnosis and treatment,and to elevate patients′clinical outcomes as well as their quality of life.

关 键 词：自身免疫疾病 肺疾病 肾病 诊断 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学] R563[医药卫生—外科学]