2023年4月黄海和东海一次大雾过程分析  

Analysis of a dense fog event in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea in April of 2023

作　　者：柳龙生 王慧 黄彬 LIU Longsheng;WANG Hui;HUANG Bin(National Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081,China;Shanghai Typhoon Institute,China Meteorological Administration,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]国家气象中心,北京100081 [2]中国气象局上海台风研究所,上海200030

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2024年第4期19-26,共8页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3090205);中国气象局上海台风研究基金项目(TFJJ202109)共同资助。

摘　　要：选用ERA5再分析数据、中国气象局地面观测资料和卫星遥感监测资料,对2023年4月19—22日黄海和东海一次入海温带气旋伴随大范围海雾过程进行了分析。结果表明:此次海雾主要发生在入海气旋的西部和北部,黄海为平流冷却雾,东海为锋面雾。黄海海雾发生期间的气温与海温差为0~2℃,东海海雾发生时气温低于海温。黄海海雾的形成主要由于偏南暖湿空气汇入后,在冷海面降温凝结形成;东海海雾则是在气旋后部弱冷空气作用下形成的锋面雾,气旋活动为此次海雾过程的发生和维持提供了主要水汽来源。海雾发生期间的云水含量在垂直方向上显著增大,南风形成的海雾发展高度大于北风。Using ERA5 reanalysis data,ground observation data from the China Meteorological Administration,and satellite remote sensing monitoring data,an analysis was conducted on a wide-area sea fog event accompanied by an extratropical cyclone entering the Yellow Sea and East China Sea from April 19 to 22,2023.The results indicated that the sea fog primarily occurred in the western and northern parts of the cyclone that moves into the sea,with advection cooling fog in the Yellow Sea and frontal fog in the East China Sea.During the occurrence of the Yellow Sea fog,the temperature difference between air and sea ranged from 0℃to 2℃,while in the East China Sea,the air temperature was lower than the sea temperature during the sea fog event.The formation of the Yellow Sea fog was mainly due to the warm and moist air from the south converging and then condensing on the cooler sea surface.In contrast,the East China Sea fog was frontal fog formed under the effect of weak cold air in the rear of the cyclone,providing the main moisture source for the occurrence and maintenance of this sea fog process.During the sea fog event,the cloud water content significantly increased in the vertical direction,and the fog development height formed by the south wind was greater than that formed by the north wind.

关 键 词：海雾 温带气旋 气—海温差 逆温层 

分 类 号：P426.41[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]