1961—2020年松花江流域作物生长季降水主模态气候特征及其异常成因分析  

Analysis of the precipitation patterns and causes of anomalies in crop growing season in the Songhua River Basin from 1961 to 2020

作　　者：王莹[1] 王宇凡 徐永清[3] 赵佳莹[3] 班晋[3] 李永生[3] WANG Ying;WANG Yufan;XU Yongqing;ZHAO Jiaying;BAN Jin;LI Yongsheng(Heilongjiang Meteorological Service Center,Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Ecological Meteorological Center,Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Climate Center,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气象服务中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省生态气象中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [3]黑龙江省气候中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2024年第4期64-71,共8页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：中国气象局气象能力提升联合研究专项(22NLTSY001);中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所联合开放基金(2021SYIAEKFMS10)共同资助;黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2022D022)。

摘　　要：选用1961—2020年5—9月松花江流域95站逐日降水观测资料、JRA-55逐月再分析资料及海表温度资料,分析该地区作物生长季降水主模态气候特征及其异常成因,探讨其形成机制及前兆信号。结果表明:松花江流域作物生长季降水主要存在两类空间模态,即全流域一致型和东西反相型。20世纪80—90年代主要模态为全流域一致型,21世纪前10 a以东西反向型为主,近年以全流域一致型为主。降水全流域一致型模态受中高纬系统和低纬系统共同影响,降水东西反相型模态主要受欧亚中高纬度环流的影响,影响松花江流域降水的环流主要位于贝加尔湖和鄂霍茨克海地区。全流域一致型降水水汽收支均为西边界水汽输入、东边界水汽输出;降水偏多时,南、北边界均为水汽输入,偏少时为北边界水汽输入、南边界水汽输出。东西反相型降水的南、北边界和东、西边界水汽收支均为一收一支。Daily precipitation observational data from 95 stations in the Songhua River Basin from May to September during 1961-2020,monthly JRA-55 reanalysis data,and sea surface temperature data were utilized to analyze the main precipitation patterns and causes of anomalies in crop growing season in this region,and to explore its mechanism and precursor signals.The results showed that there are primarily two spatial modes of precipitation during the crop growing season in the Songhua River Basin,i.e.the basin-wide mode and the east-west opposite mode.The basinwide mode is dominant in the 1980s and 1990s,while the east-west opposite mode prevails in the first decade of the 21st century.In recent years,the basin-wide mode has been predominant.The basin-wide precipitation mode is influenced by both mid-high latitude and low latitude systems,while the east-west opposite precipitation mode is mainly affected by the mid-high latitude circulation over Eurasia.The circulation systems influencing precipitation in the Songhua River Basin are primarily located in the Baikal Lake and Okhotsk Sea regions.For the basin-wide precipitation mode,the water vapor budget shows input from the western boundary and output from the eastern boundary.In the years of above-normal precipitation,both southern and northern boundaries experience water vapor input,while during below-average periods,water vapor input is found from the northern boundary and output from the southern boundary.For the east-west opposite precipitation mode,the water vapor budget exhibits input from one boundary and output from the other for both the south-north and east-west boundaries.

关 键 词：空间模态 水汽收支 降水 环流系统 

分 类 号：P468.024[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]