bZIP转录因子在植物逆境胁迫响应和生长发育中的作用  

Roles of bZIP Transcription Factor in the Response to Stresses,and Growth and Development in Plants

作　　者：马博涛 伍国强[1] 魏明 MA Bo-tao;WU Guo-qiang;WEI Ming(School of Life Science and Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学生命科学与工程学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2024年第9期148-160,共13页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32360483,32160466);甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(23JRRA764);甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(22JR5RA301)。

摘　　要：bZIP作为植物中最大的转录因子家族之一,在植物逆境胁迫响应和生长发育中发挥重要作用。该类转录因子具有大约由60-80个氨基酸组成的较为保守的结构域,包括一个高度保守的碱性区域和一个相对多变的亮氨酸拉链区域。bZIP通过同源或异源二聚体形式与靶基因启动子中含有ACGT核心的DNA序列进行特异性结合,从而调控靶基因的表达。在植物受到激素等信号刺激后,上游信号响应激酶将会进行bZIP磷酸化;bZIP也通过磷酸化来增强自身稳定性。在逆境胁迫(如干旱、盐分、温度、光、重金属和病原菌等)条件下,bZIP与胁迫相关基因启动子区域结合以及与其他蛋白互作来促进或抑制靶基因的表达,从而正向或负向调控植物响应逆境胁迫。另外,bZIP参与植物生长发育过程中许多物质(如花青素、萜类、黄酮类、生物碱等)的合成和代谢,并且介导调节脱落酸、水杨酸和茉莉酸等激素信号通路。本文就bZIP转录因子发现、结构、分类、调控方式及其在植物逆境胁迫响应和生长发育中的作用等方面研究成果加以综述,并对其未来研究方向进行展望,为农作物抗逆性遗传改良提供理论依据和技术支撑。bZIP,one of the largest transcription factor families in plants,plays an important role in the response to stress and growth and development of plants.It has a conserved domain consisting of about 60-80 amino acids,including a highly conserved alkaline region and a relatively variable leucine zipper region.bZIP regulates the expressions of target genes by specifically binding to DNA sequences containing ACGT cores in target gene promoters in homologous or heterodimeric forms.When plants are stimulated by stress signals,bZIP is phosphorylated by the upstream signal-responsive kinases,and its stability is enhanced through phosphorylation.Under stresses(such as drought,salt,temperature,light,heavy metal,and plant disease)conditions,bZIP binds to the promoter regions of stress-related genes and interacts with other proteins to promote or inhibit the expressions of these genes,thus positively or negatively regulating the responses to abiotic stress and biotic stress.In addition,bZIP is involved in the synthesis and metabolism of many substances(such as anthocyanins,terpenes,flavonoids,and alkaloids)during plant growth and development,and also mediates the regulation of hormones(such as abscisic acid,salicylic acid,and jasmonic acid)signaling pathways.In this paper,the discovery,structure,classification,regulation of the bZIP transcription factors and their roles in plant stress response and growth and development are reviewed,and the future research directions are also prospected.This paper may provide theoretical basis and technical support for genetic improvement of crops stress resistance.

关 键 词：碱性亮氨酸拉链 转录因子 蛋白互作 调控机制 胁迫应答 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]