朝贡体系内外礼仪与政治的互动——以乾隆帝丧礼为中心  

The Interaction of Ritual and Politics within and beyond the Tribute System:Centered on the Funeral of Emperor Qianlong

作　　者：万学慧 Wan Xuehui(School of Humanities,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100872,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学人文学院,北京100872

出　　处：《古代文明（中英文）》2024年第4期123-132,M0006,共11页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

摘　　要：清朝通过朝贡体系建立起与部分周边国家的关系。以往学者们关注清廷通过庆典塑造政治认同与文化认同,以及清廷在朝贡体系框架下与周边国家的交往等内容。乾隆帝的丧礼本应是清廷的内部事宜,但这一事件引发的礼仪与政治互动成为朝贡体系内外国家间交往的重要事件。本文关注朝贡体系内外朝鲜、哈萨克与浩罕、俄罗斯3种类型的国家对乾隆帝驾崩事件的反应,观察这些国家在礼仪和政治方面与清朝的互动,思考清朝在互动过程中的政治与外交对策。The Qing dynasty established relationship with some of its neighbours through the tribute system.Previously,scholars have been focusing on the Qing court's shaping of political and cultural identities through ceremonies and interactions with the neighbouring countries within the framework of the tribute system.This approach might be reconsidered.The funeral of Emperor Qianlong was supposed to be an internal affair of the Qing dynasty.However,the ritual and political interactions triggered by this event transcended the scope of the tribute system.This article focuses on the reactions of three types of states inside and outside the tribute system,namely,Korea,Kazakh and Khorakhan,and Russia,to the death of Emperor Qianlong,and observes the ritual and political interactions between these states and the Qing dynasty.

关 键 词：朝贡体系 乾隆帝 丧礼 认同 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K249.3[政治法律—中外政治制度] K892.98[历史地理—历史学]