基于医疗机构为哨点的新发和重点传染病监测预警结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring and early warning results for new and key infectious diseases based on medical institutions as sentinel surveillance sites

作　　者：赵颖 涂常清 林海端 卢茜[2] 何学森[1] Zhao Ying;Tu Changqing;Lin Haiduan;Lu Qian;He Xuesen(Department of Public Health,Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital,Guangdong Shenzhen 518116,China;Department of Infectious Disease Control,Longgang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong Shenzhen 518172,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗中心医院公共卫生部,广东深圳518116 [2]深圳市龙岗区疾病预防控制中心传染病防治科,广东深圳518172

出　　处：《新发传染病电子杂志》2024年第4期48-52,共5页Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases

基　　金：深圳市科技创新委员会项目(JCYJ20220531103808020)。

摘　　要：目的以医疗机构为哨点对新发和重点传染病进行监测;增加检测方法及检测种类,加大医疗机构快速检测能力建设,以便及早对目标传染病采取防控措施。方法设置深圳市龙岗中心医院及其下设的社区健康服务中心为监测哨点,将重点科室符合条件的呼吸道感染、感染性腹泻及其他四大症候群病例作为监测对象;同时,增加检测方法及检测种类,加大医疗机构快速检测能力建设。结果2022年11月至2023年6月深圳市龙岗中心医院共送检1323份不同类型监测样本,检出EB病毒等常见病原体及多瘤病毒等罕见病原体。2022年全年和2023年全年分别监测报告3142例和17643例流行性感冒病例,两个年度流行性感冒病例报告例数存在显著差异(P<0.01)。2023年全年深圳市龙岗中心医院共监测报告流行性感冒病例17643例中男性9715例,女性7928例,男女比例为1∶0.82;年龄分布以14岁以下人群为主,占比59.15%;病例职业分布以学生居多(43.59%),其次是托幼儿童(17.16%);全年各月均有流行性感冒病例报告,4月最多,占全年发病人数的35.99%,其次是12月,占23.02%。结论基于医疗机构为哨点的监测体系持续开展新发和重点传染病监测、增加检测的方法及检测种类、加大医疗机构快速检测能力建设,有利于疾病的早期诊断,对当前高发的传染病及时发出预警并提供防控建议。Objective Monitor new and key infectious diseases using sentinel surveillance sites medical institutions as checkpoints;Increase detection methods and types,and enhance the construction of rapid detection capabilities in medical institutions,in order to take early prevention and control measures for target infectious diseases.Method Set up hospitals and their affiliated social health centers as monitoring points,and monitor respiratory infections,infectious diarrhea,and other four major syndrome cases that meet the conditions in key departments;At the same time,increase the methods and types of testing,and strengthen the construction of rapid testing capabilities in medical institutions.Result From November 2022 to June 2023,our hospital sent 1323 different types of monitoring samples for testing,detecting common pathogens such as EB virus and rare pathogens such as multi tumor virus.3142 cases and 17643 cases of influenza were monitored and reported in 2022 and 2023,respectively.There was a significant difference in the number of reported cases of influenza between the two years(P<0.01).In 2023,a total of 17643 influenza cases were monitored and reported in our hospital,including 9715 males and 7928 females,with a male to female ratio of 1:0.82;The age distribution shows that 59.15% of cases are in the population under 14 years old;The occupational distribution of cases is mainly among students(43.59%),followed by preschool children(17.16%);There are reports of influenza cases in all months of the year,with the highest number in April,accounting for 35.99% of the total number of cases,followed by December,accounting for 23.02%.Conclusion Establish a monitoring system led by the disease control department and with medical institutions as the sentinel,continuously carry out new and key infectious disease monitoring projects,increase detection methods and types,and enhance the rapid detection capacity of medical institutions,which is conducive to early diagnosis of diseases,timely issuing warnings and providing pre

关 键 词：医疗机构 新发传染病 重点传染病 监测预警 流行性感冒 防控策略 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]