变压器缺陷发展过程中可见光与可闻声信号的特征规律及联合判据  

Characteristics and Joint Criteria of Visible Light and Audible Sound Signals During the Development of Transformer Defects

作　　者：吕昊民 郑玉平 潘书燕 闫兴中 冀茂 黄猛 姬彤 LU Haomin;ZHENG Yuping;PAN Shuyan;YAN Xingzhong;JI Mao;HUANG Meng;JI Tong(State Key Laboratory of New Energy Power System(North China Electric Power University),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China;NARI Group Corporation(State Grid Electric Power Research Institute),Nanjing 211106,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]新能源电力系统全国重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206 [2]南瑞集团有限公司(国网电力科学研究院有限公司),江苏省南京市211106

出　　处：《现代电力》2024年第5期994-1000,共7页Modern Electric Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U1866603)。

摘　　要：电力变压器是电力系统中能量变换的重要设备,其故障会对电力系统供电可靠性和运行稳定性带来严重影响,因此对于变压器内部不同故障类型的判断就变得尤为重要。变压器发生故障时会产生明显的可闻声和可见光信号,研究不同放电形式下的信号特征,有助于变压器内部故障的准确判别。该文设计3种放电模型分别用于模拟变压器内极不均匀场放电、沿面放电和均匀场放电,测量并获得了各类缺陷下的可闻声和可见光信号,对比分析各信号间的差异和规律。研究发现:可闻声信号方面,极不均匀场放电主频为1980 Hz,沿面放电为200 Hz,均匀场放电为611 Hz;此外,沿面放电的可见光波长则集中在360~540 nm,极不均匀场和均匀场下的放电可见光能量均集中在482.8 nm和660.8 nm附近;单独通过可见光信号无法实现故障判别,但两类缺陷的可闻声信号主频特征并不同,两类信号结合起来可以更好地实现故障判别。研究结果可为变压器在线监测提供数据支撑和指导。Power transformer is an important equipment for energy conversion in power system.Any faults in it will seriously affect the reliability of power supply and operation stability of the power system.Therefore,the accurate identification of various types of faults inside the transformer is of great importance.The failure of the transformer will result in the generation of distinct audible sound and visible light signals.Studying the signal characteristics under different discharge forms is beneficial for the precise identification of internal faults in transformers.In this paper,three discharge models were designed to simulate the non-uniform field discharge,surface discharge and uniform field discharge of the inner pole of the transformer.The audible sound and visible light signals were measured and obtained under various defects,and the differences and patterns between the signals were compared and analyzed.It is found that in terms of audible acoustic signals,the main frequency of extremely uneven field discharge was 1980 Hz,the main frequency of surface discharge was 200 Hz,and the main frequency of uniform field discharge was 611 Hz.In addition,the visible light wavelength of surface discharge was primarily concentrated in the range of 360~540 nm.Moreover,the visible light energy of discharge under extremely uneven field and uniform field was predominantly focused around 482.8 nm and 660.8 nm.It is impossible to realize fault identification by visible light signal alone.The main frequency characteristics of audible acoustic signals for the two types of defects differ,however,By combining these two types of signals,fault identification can be achieved.The research results of this paper provide data support and guidance for transformer online monitoring.

关 键 词：变压器 绝缘缺陷 可闻声 可见光 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]