在远程三方之间建立高保真的量子通信信道  

Establishing a High-Fidelity Quantum Communication Channel Among Remote Three Parties

作　　者：韩菲 朱孟正[1] HAN Fei;ZHU Mengzheng(School of Physics&Electronic Information,Huaibei Normal University,Huaibei 235000,China)

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学物理与电子信息学院,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《长春师范大学学报》2024年第6期33-39,共7页Journal of Changchun Normal University

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金面上项目“用相干光脉冲作为量子通信总线实现远程量子操控”(1808085MA08);安徽省教育厅高等学校省级质量工程项目“省级大学物理教学团队”(2021jxtd255)。

摘　　要：量子通信是利用量子力学原理,把微观的物质特性运用到通信技术上,在高速传输和高可靠保密通信等方面具有显著优势,成为当今通信技术领域的研究热点之一。量子通信系统的中心环节就是远程各方之间建立稳定、可靠、安全的量子信道。本方案基于弱交叉克尔非线性的量子非破坏(QND)光子数解析检测、交叉相位调制(XPM)技术和线性光学元件以及单比特旋转操作可高保真地制备出远程三粒子纠缠Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)态,从而作为实现远程三方之间量子通信的信道。当前方案远程制备出来的GHZ态总成功率理论上是确定性的,而保真度原则上近似接近单位1。然而,在实际远距离量子通信过程中,难免会受到环境噪声的影响,从而导致保真度的降低。本方案通过以牺牲成功概率为代价,实现远程三方之间直接建立高保真度的GHZ态的纠缠共享。使用基本线性光学元件,在仅引入弱的交叉克尔非线性,且不需要额外添加辅助光子的情况下,就可以获取高保真度的GHZ纯态,证实了本方案在实际应用中具有简便性、可实现性以及资源利用率高的显著优势。Quantum communication is a kind quantum mechanics applying microscopic material properties to communication technology.It has significant advantages in high-speed transmission and highly reliable secure communication,and has become one of the research hotspots in the field of communication technology currently.It is central to the quantum communication system how to establish a stable,reliable and secure quantum channel.The scheme is based on the weak cross Kerr nonlinear quantum non-destructive(QND)photon number analytical detection and cross-phase modulation(XPM)technology,linear optical elements and single bit rotation operation,this scheme can remotely prepare the three-particle Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)state in high fidelity,so as to realize the quantum communication channel among the three remote parties.The current scheme finally produces GHZ states remotely with a total success rate of approximately 1 and a fidelity of approximately unit in principle.Therefore,the GHZ pure state.with high fidelity is obtained at the expense of the probability of success.The scheme uses only a small number of basic linear optics,requires only the introduction of weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities,and does not require the addition of additional auxiliary photons to obtain high-fidelity GHZ pure states.It has been confirmed that in actual application this scheme has the significant advantages of ease,realizability and higher resource utilization.

关 键 词：量子通信 纠缠态 交叉相位调制 GHZ态 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理] TN918[理学—物理]