基于数值模拟的传统村落公共空间热舒适性研究  

Thermal Comfort of Traditional Village Public Space Based on Numerical Simulation

作　　者：姚玉敏 陶雨 关振 韩旭阳 艾欣洁 常心茹 YAO Yumin;TAO Yu;GUAN Zhen;HAN Xuyang;AI Xinjie;CHANG Xinru(School of Architecture and Planning,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学建筑与规划学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《长春师范大学学报》2024年第6期111-119,共9页Journal of Changchun Normal University

基　　金：安徽省高等学校自然科学重点研究项目(KJ2019A0751);安徽建筑大学引进人才及博士启动基金项目(2018QD31);安徽省高峰学科(建筑学、城乡规划学)培育课题重点项目(2021-134);安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310878069)。

摘　　要：以环巢湖地区传统村落为研究对象,通过现场实测和ENVI-met数值模拟,论证水体、绿化及下垫面材质对村落热舒适性及微气候的影响,并采用生理等效温度PET评价户外热舒适性。结果表明:(1)ENVI-met数值模拟能较好地模拟评价公共空间热舒适性,温度均方根误差(RMSE)在0.51~0.98℃之间,湿度在2.39%~3.63%之间,温度平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)在1.49%~2.37%之间,湿度在3.85%~6.23%之间,均在误差允许范围内;(2)水体对改善室外热舒适性具有积极影响,无水体的模拟方案生理等效温度同比上升3.32℃;(3)丰富绿化空间组合和采用低反射率铺装可使生理等效温度下降1.05℃;(4)提高绿地率是改善室外热舒适性最有效的方法。研究表明:保护和完善水体、丰富绿化空间、减少下垫面硬化程度、使用低反射率铺装材料可以有效提高热舒适性。This paper takes traditional villages around Chaohu Lake as the research object.Through field measurement and ENVI-met numerical simulation,the influences of water,greenery and underlying surface materials on village thermal comfort and microclimate regulation are demonstrated.Physiological equivalent temperature PET is used to evaluate outdoor thermal comfort.The results show that:(1)The ENVI-met numerical simulation can simulate the public space microclimate well,the root mean square error of temperature(RMSE)is between 0.51~0.98℃,and the humidity is between 2.39%~3.63%;The mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of temperature is between 1.49%~2.37%,and the humidity is between 3.85%~6.23%,both of which are within the allowable error range.(2)The water body has a positive impact on the improvement of outdoor thermal comfort,and the physiological equivalent temperature of the simulation scheme without water body increases by 3.32℃compared with the same period last year.(3)The combination of rich green space and low reflectivity paving can reduce the physiological equivalent temperature by 1.05℃.(4)Improving the green space rate is the most effective way to improve outdoor thermal comfort.Research shows that the protection and improvement of water bodies,enriching greening space,reducing the hardening of the underlying surface,and using low-reflectivity paving materials can effectively improve thermal comfort.

关 键 词：ENVI-met 数值模拟 传统村落 公共空间 人体热舒适性 

分 类 号：K928.5[历史地理—人文地理学]