“中华民族”的概念内涵及其演变  

The Conceptual Connotation and Evolution of“Chinese Nation”

作　　者：孔亭 KONG Ting

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《湖北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期12-20,共9页Journal of Hubei Minzu University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究”(21BKS119);山东省社科规划研究重点项目“文化认同视角下铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究”(23BKSJ02)。

摘　　要：1902年梁启超提出的“中华民族”概念逐渐被社会各界所认同和使用,其思想渊源来自中国传统文化中的“中华”观念。近代以来,学界和政界基于建立现代民族国家和维护民族团结之需,以传统“中华”观念和西方现代民族理论为根基,建构中华民族概念和理论,推动“中华民族”概念的形成和发展。然而,不同语境下中华民族概念内涵存有差异,清末时期多指汉民族或汉族人,“中华民国”建立后指称中国各民族、各民族构成的民族共同体,中华人民共和国成立后被赋予国民共同体和政治共同体的新内涵,成为现代中国的国家民族。当今中国政治话语中的“中华民族”具有历史原生性和现代建构性的双重特征,从概念史的视角探讨“中华民族”概念形成及内涵演变,对于树立正确的中华民族历史观和铸牢中华民族共同体意识具有重要意义。The concept of“Chinese nation”,proposed by Liang Qichao in 1902,has gradually been recognized and used by all walks of life.Its ideological roots can be traced back to the“Zhonghua”concept in traditional Chinese culture.Since modern times,scholars and political leaders,based on the need to establish a modern nation-state and maintain national unity,have constructed the concept and theory of the Chinese nation by integrating traditional“Zhonghua”idea with Western modern national theories,thereby promoting the formation and development of the concept of“Chinese nation”.However,the connotation of the concept of“Chinese nation”varies in different contexts.During the late Qing Dynasty,it often referred specifically to the Han ethnic group or Han people.After the establishment of the Republic of China,it came to denote the various ethnic groups in China and the ethnic community formed by them.Following the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,it was imbued with new meanings related to the national community and political community,thus becoming the modern nation of China.Today,in our political discourse,the term“Chinese nation”embodies both historical authenticity and modern constructiveness.It is of great significance to establish a correct historical view of the Chinese nation and consolidate the sense of community for the Chinese nation by exploring the formation and evolution of the concept of“Chinese nation”from the perspective of conceptual history.

关 键 词：中华民族 概念内涵 历史演变 国家民族 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学] C95[社会学—民族学]