罗田垂枝杉子代生长性状遗传变异及早期选择  

Genetic Variations in Growth Traits and Early Selection of Cunninghamia lanceolata var.Luotian Progeny Test

作　　者：杨姝琦 许业洲[1] 袁慧 周瑜 段爱国[3] 杜超群[1] YANG Shuqi;XU Yezhou;YUAN Hui;ZHOU Yu;DUAN Aiguo;DU Chaoqun(Huibei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan Hubei 430075,China;Panshiling Forest Management Bureau,Zhongxiang Hubei 431900,China;Research Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation State Forestry Administration,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省林业科学研究院,湖北武汉430075 [2]湖北省钟祥市盘石岭林场,湖北钟祥431900 [3]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期193-200,共8页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：十四五重点研发计划子课题(2022YFD2200201);中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目(鄂〔2023〕TG12号)。

摘　　要：罗田垂枝杉独特的形态特征使其成为林木理想的株型,具有较高经济利用价值和较大的推广应用前景,但其子代测定工作不够完善,各性状的遗传参数未知,这不利于垂枝杉的遗传改良工作。本研究分析杉木遗传变异规律,从而进行优良家系的早期选择,以期为垂枝杉种质资源的保护和选择育种提供理论依据。以罗田垂枝杉子代测定林为研究对象,比较分析不同家系间3年生、4年生林木树高、胸径的生长差异及其遗传规律,并展开优良家系的早期选择。结果显示:子代测定林3年生平均树高、胸径分别为3.11 m和4.07 cm,4年生平均树高、胸径分别为4.16 m和5.35 cm。各家系间生长性状在3年生和4年生时均存在极显著差异(P<0.01);表型变异系数为26.24%~41.83%,遗传变异系数为5.37%~9.15%,单株遗传力为0.3052~0.4318,家系遗传力为0.6099~0.7021,均受到中强程度的遗传控制。不同来源家系中,垂枝杉半同胞家系的生长性状均表现较好,且均为最大值。按照15%的入选率选出5个优良家系,分别为1-17、1-21、1-20、2-3和3-6,其入选均值分别为3.43 m(3年生树高)、4.74 cm(3年生胸径)、4.64 m(4年生树高)和6.20 cm(4年生胸径),平均遗传增益分别为6.71%、10.25%、7.92%和11.13%,选择效果明显,选育出的优良家系可以为垂枝杉种质资源的保护和选择育种提供极佳的种质材料。The unique morphological characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata var.Luotian make it an ideal plant type for forest trees,with high economic use value and great prospect for promotion and application,but its offspring determination is not perfect,and the genetic parameters of each trait are unknown,which is not conducive to the genetic improvement of C.lanceolata var.Luotian.In this study,the genetic variation of C.lanceolata var.Luotian was analyzed,so as to carry out the early selection of excellent lineages,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the conservation and selective breeding of weeping cedar germplasm resources.C.lanceolata var.Luotian was used as materials in this study,the growth differences and genetic rules of 3a and 4a tree height(TH)and diameter of breast height(DBH)different families were compared and analyzed,and the early selection of excellent family lines was carried out.The results showed that the average TH and DBH of 3a in the offspring were 3.11 m and 4.07 cm,and the average TH and DBH of 4a were 4.16 m and 5.35 cm,respectively.There were significant differences in growth traits between families at 3a and 4a(P<0.01).The phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 26.24%-41.83%,the genetic coefficient of variation was 5.37%-9.15%,the heritability range was 0.31-0.43 per plant,and the heritability range was 0.61-0.70 in the family lineage,all of which were controlled by a moderate degree of genetics.Among the different source families,the growth traits of the semi-sibling family of P.weeping were good,and the growth traits were maximum.According to the 15%enrollment rate,five excellent families were selected,namely 1-17,1-21,1-20,2-3 and 3-6,and the average values of the selection were 3.43 m(3a TH),4.74 cm(3a DBH),4.64 m(4a TH)and 6.20 cm(4a DBH),were and the average genetic gain were 6.71%,10.25%,7.92%and 11.13%,respectively.The excellent family line bred can provide excellent germplasm material for the protection of weeping cedar germplasm resources and selective breeding.

关 键 词：罗田垂枝杉 生长性状 遗传变异 早期选择 子代测定 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]