富营养化城市内湖沉积物营养盐组成特征及污染风险分析  

Pollution risk and constituent characteristics of nutrients in sediment of a eutrophic urban lake

作　　者：廖文成 熊振楠 江成[3] 吴永明[1] 桂双林[3] 刘亚军 李荣富 LIAO Wencheng;XIONG Zhennan;JIANG Cheng;WU Yongming;GUI Shuanglin;LIU Yajun;LI Rongfu(Institute of Microbiology,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang Jiangxi 330096;School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330063;Institute of Energy,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang Jiangxi 330096)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院微生物研究所,江西南昌330096 [2]南昌航空大学环境与化学工程学院,江西南昌330063 [3]江西省科学院能源研究所,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2024年第9期1280-1286,1294,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.42267029);江西省科学院省级科研项目经费包干制试点示范项目(No.2021YSBG22030、No.2023YSBG21005、No.2023YRCS001);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(No.20232BAB213072);江西省科技厅重大科技研发专项(No.20213AAG01012、No.20212bcd42014)。

摘　　要：富营养化已成为城市内湖面临的重要环境问题,内源污染是导致城市内湖富营养化的主要原因之一。以九江市某典型城市内湖为研究对象,揭示了沉积物营养盐的空间分布特征,评价了藻类暴发前和藻类暴发期表层沉积物的污染风险,并探讨了不同沉积深度营养盐的来源特征。结果表明:1)沉积物总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、总有机质(TOM)含量具有较强的空间一致性。垂向上,表层沉积物TN、TP、TOM含量最高,随着深度的增加总体表现为降低趋势;平面上,中部湖区表层沉积物TP和TN含量较高。2)藻类暴发前,表层沉积物总体处于中度污染状态;藻类暴发期,表层沉积物总体处于重度污染状态,氮、磷污染风险显著上升。3)根据沉积物总有机碳(TOC)/TN、TOC/TP表征结果,近年来受富营养化及藻类暴发影响,湖泊沉积物来源组成由浮游动植物残体逐渐向微生物过渡。Eutrophication is an important environmental problem in urban lakes,and endogenous pollution is one of the main causes of eutrophication.In this paper,surficial sediment in a typically urban lake in Jiujiang City was collected to revealed the spatial distribution of sediment nutrients.The pollution risk of surface sediment before and during algae bloom was evaluated,and the sources of nutrients were also explored along the sediment vertical profile.The results showed that:1) the contents of total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and total organic matter(TOM) in sediments exhibited strong spatial consistency,vertically,the highest concentrations of TN,TP and TOM were found in the surface layer,with an overall decreasing trend as depth increased;horizontally,the surface sediments in the central lake area had higher TP and TN contents.2) Before the algal bloom,the surface sediments were generally in a moderately polluted state;during the algal bloom,the surface sediments were in a severely polluted state,with a significant increase in the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution.3) TOC/TN and TOC/TP ratios of sediment indicating that the source of sediment was transformed from plankton residues to microorganisms due to eutrophication and algal bloom in recent years.

关 键 词：富营养化 藻类暴发 沉积物 营养盐 污染风险 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]