增龄对听觉言语理解双通路脑区活动变化规律影响的研究  

Study on the impact of aging on the brain activity patterns in auditory speech comprehension dual-route regions

作　　者：刘怡 陈有诺 王松建 杨柳 王媛[1] 王硕[1] Liu Yi;Chen Younuo;Wang Songjian;Yang Liu;Wang Yuan;Wang Shuo(Bejing Institute of Otolaryngology,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery(Capital Medical University),Ministry of Education,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China;School of Biomedical Engineering,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科、北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所、耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(首都医科大学),北京100730 [2]首都医科大学生物医学工程学院,北京100069

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2024年第9期909-915,共7页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82301300);首发重点公关课题(首发-2024-1-1091);高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(学术骨干-02-42)。

摘　　要：目的探究伴随着年龄增加, 听觉言语理解相关脑区活动的变化规律及其受聆听环境的影响。方法采用功能性近红外光谱成像技术, 记录首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院于2021年3月至2023年2月公开招募的93名20~70岁正常听力成年人在安静与不同信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio, SNR)噪声环境下被动聆听句子时大脑氧合血红蛋白浓度。分析脑区活动的变化规律并探讨在不同聆听环境下其随着年龄增长的变化趋势。以SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果负责声音信号分辨与感知的双侧初级听觉皮层、颞叶上回与Wernicke区在刺激呈现后活动增强, 负责口语产生的Broca区在刺激呈现后活动先降低后增强, 而位于腹侧颞中回和背侧中央后回在较晚时间窗口活动增强。进而发现, 在安静及噪声强度较低条件(SNR=10 dB)听觉皮层活动随着年龄增加而降低;当噪声强度增加(SNR=5 dB), 代偿性脑区(右脑腹侧颞中回与背侧中央后回)随着年龄增加活动增强;伴随噪声强度进一步增加(SNR=0、SNR=-5 dB), 不仅听觉皮层, 语义提取与运动相关脑区活动也随年龄增长而降低。结论听觉言语理解过程中, 双通路脑区呈现不同活动模式, 随着噪声增强, 更多脑区受增龄影响, 表现为多数双通路脑区活动降低, 部分右侧代偿性脑区活动增强。Objective:To elucidate the patterns of neural activity alterations associated with auditory speech comprehension across the lifespan and the impact of varying listening environments on these dynamics.Methods:Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)was employed to measure the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin in the brains of 93 adults aged from 20 to 70 with normal hearing.These participants were recruited from Beijing Tongren Hospital,affiliated with Capital Medical University,between March 2021 and February 2023.Brain activity was recorded as subjects passively listened to sentences in both silent and noise conditions with varying signal-to-noise ratios(SNR).The alterations in brain activity were analyzed to delineate the age-related trends under different auditory conditions.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software.Results:The bilateral primary auditory cortex,superior temporal gyrus,and Wernicke′s area,critical for sound signal discrimination and perception,exhibited enhanced activity post-stimulus presentation.Broca′s area,pivotal for speech production,demonstrated an initial decrease in activity followed by an increment after stimulus onset.The ventral middle temporal gyrus and dorsal postcentral gyrus showed augmented activity in later time windows.Furthermore,it was observed that in quiet conditions and at low noise levels(SNR=10 dB),auditory cortical activity diminished with age.With increasing noise levels(SNR=5 dB),compensatory brain regions(right ventral middle temporal gyrus and dorsal postcentral gyrus)showed enhanced activity with advancing age.As noise intensity further escalated(SNR=0,SNR=-5 dB),not only did auditory cortical activity decline,but also the activity in regions associated with semantic processing and motor functions reduced with age.Conclusion:During auditory speech comprehension,dual-pathway brain regions exhibit distinct activity patterns.With heightened noise exposure,an increasing number of brain regions are influenced by aging,manifesting as a ge

关 键 词：年龄因素 听觉 言语知觉 氧合血红蛋白 功能性近红外光谱成像技术 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]