趋近化理论视域下的危机话语研究——基于智利社会危机的案例  

Crisis Discourse from a Proximization Theory Perspective:A Case Study Based on the Discourse of Social Crisis in Chile

作　　者：刘鹏[1] Liu Peng(Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]北京第二外国语学院欧洲学院,100024

出　　处：《北京第二外国语学院学报》2024年第4期147-160,F0003,共15页Journal of Beijing International Studies University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国全球语言治理面临的问题和对策建议”(项目编号:21BYY080);北京第二外国语学院青年学术拔尖团队计划“百年未有之大变局背景下的危机话语对策研究”(项目编号:21110013505)的资助。

摘　　要：本文以批评认知语言学为理论框架,从趋近化理论视角出发,对智利时任总统皮涅拉在该国2019年10月至12月爆发社会抗议期间的公开讲话文本进行分析,旨在揭示社会危机话语的空间建构和话语策略的运用,并对相关话语进行社会解释。研究发现,为了妥善应对本国爆发的暴力抗议活动,智利领导人在其社会危机话语实践中综合运用了趋近化理论中的空间、时间和价值观趋近策略,其中空间趋近策略的应用最频繁,价值观趋近策略次之,时间趋近策略的应用最少。在具体分析相关话语在空间、时间、价值观趋近策略方面的使用情况后,本研究发现智利时任总统皮涅拉的危机话语实践有着深刻的社会动因:首先,其目的在于稳定社会秩序、提振经济,以此提升民众的支持率,为谋求连任奠定基础;其次,旨在鼓励民众更加积极地参与国家政治生活,增强对政府的信任和支持;最后,意在阐明政府将采取措施缩小社会贫富差距,缓解结构性社会矛盾,对外打造一个“富强、公正、以人为本”的新兴国家形象。Based on the theoretical framework of critical cognitive linguistics and considering the theoretical perspective of the Proximization Theory,this paper analyzes the text of Chile’s then-President Piñera’s public speech during the social protests in Chile from October to December 2019 and attempts to reveal the spatial construction of social crisis discourse,the application of discourse strategies,and the social interpretation of relevant discourse.To adequately address the outbreak of violent protests within the country,the Chilean leader employed a comprehensive application of spatial,temporal,and axiological proximization strategies from the Proximization Theory in his social crisis discourse practice.Among these,the application of the spatial proximization strategy was the most frequently employed,followed by the axiological proximization strategy,with the temporal proximization strategy being the least used.After analyzing the use of relevant discourse in terms of spatial,temporal,and axiological proximization strategies,the paper has concluded that the former Chilean President’s practice of crisis discourse has profound social motivation:first,it aims to stabilize the social order and boost the economy to increase the public’s support rate and lay the foundation for seeking reelection;second,it is aimed at encouraging the public to participate more actively in the political life of the country,thereby increasing their trust and support for the incumbent government;finally,it is intended to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor in society,alleviate structural social contradictions and create an image of an emerging country that is“rich,strong,just and people-oriented”.

关 键 词：趋近化理论 智利 社会危机话语 话语策略 批评话语分析 

分 类 号：H34[语言文字—西班牙语]