白于山区土壤干燥化对人工林植被恢复40年的响应特征  

Response Characteristics of Soil Desiccation to Plantation Vegetation Restoration in Baiyu Mountain Area for 40 Years

作　　者：马雅莉 刘喜东 张立强 张晨晨 高东治 张艳 段永强 张彦昶 乔江波 石长春 Ma Yali;Liu Xidong;Zhang Liqiang;Zhang Chenchen;Gao Dongzhi;Zhang Yan;Duan Yongqiang;Zhang Yanchang;Qiao Jiangbo;Shi Changchun(Shaanxi Academy of Forestry,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710082,China;Jingbian County Forestry Bureau,Jingbian,Shaanxi 718500,China;Dingbian County Forestry Bureau,Dingbian,Shaanxi 718699,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;State Long-term Observation and Research Station for Maowusu Study Desert Ecosystem in Yulin of Shanxi,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省林业科学院,西安710082 [2]靖边县林业局,陕西靖边718500 [3]定边县林业局,陕西定边718699 [4]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [5]陕西榆林毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2024年第5期192-198,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：陕西省科学技术厅青年项目(2021JQ-168);陕西省林业科学院科技创新计划(SXLK2021-0104,SXLK2021-0207);陕西林业科技创新重点专项(SXLK2023-02-11);陕西林业科技创新青年人才培育专项(SXLK2023-06-6);陕西省哲学社会科学研究专项(2022HZ1757、2022HZ1789);陕西省榆林市发展和改革委员会2023年度市本级政府投资项目“陕北地区退化生态系统治理与修复植物配置模式研究”(2023-YLSFGW-60);榆林市科技计划项目(YF-2022-9,YF-2022-11);榆林市委、市政府专项“榆林防止二次沙化与水土流失调查研究”(榆政财资发[2021]47号)。

摘　　要：[目的]确定白于山区典型人工林的土壤干燥化特征,为白于山区人工林的合理选择和可持续发展提供理论依据。[方法]选取植被恢复40年的人工林(河北杨、油松、樟子松)为研究对象,以荒草地作为对照,采用人工土钻法研究人工林0—5 m土壤的干燥化特征及影响因素。[结果](1)不同人工林土壤平均含水量依次为荒草地(4.95%)>樟子松林(4.49%)>河北杨林(4.39%)>油松林(2.44%)。(2)不同人工林的土壤干层均存在且形成深度和干层厚度基本一致,但干层内土壤平均含水量不同,油松最低,荒草地最高。(3)不同人工林的土壤干燥化指数依次为油松林(69.75%)>河北杨林(28.83%)>樟子松林(26.73%)>荒草地(17.05%)。(4)相关性分析和多元逐步线性回归模型表明,粉粒、砂粒和深度分别是影响樟子松、油松和河北杨土壤干燥化特征的主要因素。[结论]樟子松林在种植40年后土壤干燥化程度最低,可作为白于山区典型人工林造林的最优选择。[Objective] The aims of this study are to determine the soil desiccation characteristics of a typical plantation in the Baiyu Mountain area,and to provide theoretical basis for reasonable selection and sustainable development of plantation in Baiyu Mountain area.[Methods] The plantations with 40 years of vegetation restoration(Populus×hopeiensis Hu & Chow,Pinus tabulaeformis,and Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica Litv.) were taken as the samples.The barren grassland was taken as the control.Artificial soil drilling method was used to study the drying characteristics and influencing factors of 0—5 m soil in the artificial forest.[Results](1) The average soil water content of different plantations was in the order:grassland(4.95%)>Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica Litv.(4.49%)>Populus×hopeiensis Hu & Chow(4.39%)>Pinus tabuliformis(2.44%).(2) The soil dry layer existed in different plantations and the formation depth and thickness of the dry layer were basically the same,but the average water content of the soil in the dry layer was different,the lowest value was observed in Pinus tabulaeformis and the highest value was observed in the wasteland.(3) The soil desiccation index of different plantations followed the order:Pinus tabuliformis(69.75%)>Populus×hopeiensis Hu & Chow(28.83%)>Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica Litv.(26.73%)>grassland(17.05%).(4) Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model showed that silt,sand and depth were the main factors affecting soil desiccation characteristics of Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica Litv.,Pinus tabulaeformis and Populus×hopeiensis Hu & Chow,respectively.[Conclusion] The soil desiccation degree of Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica Litv.was the lowest after 40 years of planting,Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica Litv.could be used as the best choice for afforestation of typical plantation in Baiyu Mountain area.

关 键 词：白于山区 人工林 土壤干燥化 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]