如何小调整:第二轮承包到期之际农村土地延包的试点实践  

How to make minor adjustments:The pilot practice of rural land extension when the second round of contracting expires

作　　者：安海燕 张家源 何金彪 AN Hai-yan;ZHANG Jia-yuan;HE Jin-biao(School of Economics,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;College of Public Administration,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学经济学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]南京农业大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2024年第4期553-563,共11页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21BJY040);贵州省高校人文社会科学研究项目(2024RW113)。

摘　　要：随着第二轮土地承包陆续到期,“顺延+小调整”政策的实施显得尤为重要。本研究立足于历史、制度及现实背景,剖析了小调整与稳定的关系,并选取已开展二轮延包的XF、YL、QS和PY四个试点县(区)进行实践分析,探讨了小调整策略的选择。研究发现:1)小调整涉及调整对象的界定、调整方式的选择以及调整标准的确定三大核心议题;2)试点地区分别采用了“未承包地”调地模式、“进利不进地”分红模式、“混合调整”模式和“退地调地”模式。小调整的规模,按农户比例分别为6.67%、2.15%、2.27%和0.86%;按面积比例分别为3.24%、0.59%、0.14%和0.31%;3)小调整策略的选择受到村集体未承包地状况、村集体经济水平、确权基础和农户诉求的共同影响。因此,各地应重视小调整,结合村庄特点,灵活运用多种产权形式,设计适宜的小调整方案,并建立长效管理机制,以确保延包工作的稳定实施。With the expiration of the second round of land contracting,the implementation of the“deferral+minor adjustment”policy has become particularly important.Based on historical,institutional,and practical backgrounds,this study analyzes the relationship between minor adjustments and stability.It selects four pilot counties(districts),XF,YL,QS,and PY,where the second round of land contract extensions has been carried out,and conducts practical analyses to explore strategies for minor adjustments.The study found that:1)Minor adjustments involve three core issues:defining the adjustment object,selecting the adjustment method,and determining the adjustment standard.2)The pilot areas have adopted the"uncontracted land"adjustment model,the"profit but not land"profit-sharing model,the"mixed adjustment"model,and the"land withdrawal and land adjustment"model.The scale of minor adjustments by household proportion is 6.67%,2.15%,2.27%,and 0.86%,respectively,and by area proportion is 3.24%,0.59%,0.14%,and 0.31%,respectively.3)The selection of minor adjustment strategies is influenced by the status of uncontracted land in village collectives,the level of the village collective economy,the basis of land rights confirmation,and the demands of farmers.Therefore,localities should pay attention to minor adjustments,consider village characteristics,flexible use of various forms of property rights,design appropriate minor adjustment programs,and establish a long-term management mechanism to ensure the stable implementation of the contract extension.

关 键 词：农村土地延包 人地矛盾 小调整 试点实践 农地产权 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]