从城市效率论交通拥堵——对城市发展战略的启示  

Urban Efficiency and Congestion:Implications on Sustainable Urban Transportation Development Strategies

作　　者：丁成日[1,2] 曹坤梓 DING Chengri;CAO Kunzi(Department of Urban Studies and Planning,University of Maryland,College Park Maryland 20742,USA;Urban Development Research Center,School of Politics and Public Administration,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China;School of Architecture,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]马里兰大学城市研究与规划系,美国马里兰州帕克20742 [2]郑州大学政治与公共管理学院城市发展研究中心,河南郑州450000 [3]郑州大学建筑学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《城市交通》2024年第4期1-10,共10页Urban Transport of China

摘　　要：从城市理论、城市与交通发展和城市战略三个维度分析城市规模(及其增长)、空间结构、城市效率和交通拥堵之间的关系,进而分析它们对城市交通可持续发展的影响。将城市规模与城市效率之间的城市理论细化到城市空间内部,推论出高度集聚的城市就业是城市效率的充要条件,城市交通拥堵是保持城市效率的成本或代价。基于此分析了城市交通拥堵对城市发展的积极影响,以及由于其影响具有间接、抽象、长期、不可感知和难以度量的特征而被长期忽视的事实。从历史的维度、公共交通发展时机错位、城市发展战略失误等方面探究城市交通拥堵的根源。最后,概述未来推动城市可持续发展的机遇和战略。This paper analyzes the association between urban scale(and its growth),spatial structure,urban efficiency,and traffic congestion from three dimensions:urban theory,urban and traffic development,and urban strategy,to further examine their impact on the sustainable development of urban traffic.Refining the urban theory between urban size and efficiency to the internal space of the city,it is concluded that a spatially high concentration of employment is necessary and sufficient for urban efficiency,and urban traffic congestion is the cost to maintain urban efficiency.The paper further analyses positive implications of urban traffic congestion on the development of cities,while also revealing the often-neglected reality that the impacts of congestion are indirect,abstract,long-term,imperceptible,and challenging to quantify.The investigation delves into the origins of traffic congestion through various aspects such as history,timing of public transportation investments/strategy and pitfalls in urban strategic planning.Finally,the paper concludes with policy and strategic implications for the development of sustainable urban transportation.

关 键 词：城市规模 空间结构 城市效率 交通拥堵 发展战略 交通可持续发展 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]