商标许可人未进行品质监督应承担产品责任吗?——兼评《商标法修订草案(征求意见稿)》第六十条第四款  

Shall Trademark Licensors be Liable for Products if They Fail to Conduct Quality Supervision-Comments on Article 60(4)of Bill to Revise the Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China(Exposure Draft)

作　　者：张德芬[1] 安新源 ZHANG Defen;AN Xinyuan(Law School,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学法学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期86-95,共10页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省高等学校哲学社会科学基础研究重大项目“商标注册确权制度改革研究”(2022-JCZD-25);河南省民法学会项目“商标品质保障功能的恰当定位及其立法设计研究”[HNCLS(2024)038]。

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国商标法修订草案(征求意见稿)》为商标许可人的“应当监督”条款增设处罚规定,将该条款理解为强制性规范,实为对该条款规范属性的误读。基于经济学中“理性人”假设、《中华人民共和国商标法》的权利保护法定位及商标法律体系自洽要求,“应当监督”条款理应界定为倡导性规范。我国司法适用的经验也表明“应当监督”条款不具有强制性,违反该条款所承担的责任仅限于产品责任,印证了该条款的倡导性规范属性。因此,《中华人民共和国商标法修订草案(征求意见稿)》可删除“处罚规定”,以回归“应当监督”条款倡导性规范属性,促进知识产权充分运用。对于被许可商标商品的产品责任,应依据产品责任制度确定:商标许可人如果未进行品质监督就不应承担产品责任。Bill to Revise the Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China(Exposure Draft)adds a“penalty provision”to the“shall supervise”clause for trademark licensors.This is a misinterpretation of the noramtive attributes of the clause as a mandatory norm.Based on the assumption of“rational person”in economics,the legislative purpose of Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China as rights protection law and the self-consistent requirements of trademark legal system,the“shall supervise”clause should be defined as an advocacy norm.China's judicial experience has also shown that the“shall supervise”clause is not mandatory,and the liability for violating this clause is limited to product liability,which confirms the advocacy nature of this clause.Therefore,the Exposure Draft should delete the“penalty provision”and return to the“shall supervise”clause of the normative attributes of advocacy and to promote the full utilization of intellectual property.The product liability of the licensed trademark goods should be determined according to the product liability system,and the trademark licensors should not be liable for the product liability if they fail to conduct quality supervision.

关 键 词：商标许可 “应当监督”条款 倡导性规范 产品责任 

分 类 号：D923.43[政治法律—民商法学]