基于非线性谐波法的多级轴流压缩机叶顶间隙流动分析  

Tip Clearance Flow Analysis of Multi-stage Axial CompressorBased on Non-linear Harmonic Method

作　　者：符永耀 赖喜德[1] 陈小明[1] 刘升波 唐乾皓 谭兴 逮广平 FU Yong-yao;LAI Xi-de;CHEN Xiao-ming;LIU Sheng-bo;TANG Qian-hao;TAN Xing;LU Guang-ping(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China;Chengdu Chengfa Science&Energy Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610052,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学能源与动力学院,成都610039 [2]成都成发科能动力工程有限公司,成都610052

出　　处：《汽轮机技术》2024年第5期342-348,共7页Turbine Technology

基　　金：四川省科技厅计划项目(2023ZHCG0031)。

摘　　要：为了探究叶顶间隙对多级轴流压缩机的内部流动和气动性能的影响,对某12级多级轴流压缩机进行研究。首先,基于数值模拟预测出叶顶间隙为近零间隙(C_(n0))、设计间隙(C_(d))、1.5倍设计间隙(1.5C_(d))、2倍设计间隙(2C_(d))的压缩机性能曲线;然后,在此基础上采用非线性谐波法(NLH)对不同间隙模型进行非定常数值模拟计算;最后,对模拟结果的内部流场状况进行分析。研究结果表明:叶顶间隙大小不仅影响压缩机的流量特性曲线,而且在某个间隙时压缩机的性能最佳,同时在稳定的工作范围内存在一个最佳间隙,即失速裕度最佳值。通过对压缩机叶顶区域流场的分析,从非定常流场的角度阐明了叶顶泄漏流形成的涡对压缩机性能影响的原因,在近零间隙模型中,叶顶间隙涡不明显,由间隙过小导致堵塞引起叶片吸力面出现较大范围的高速流动区域。当叶尖间隙在最优值左右时,叶尖泄漏流动抑制了流动分离。而随着叶顶间隙的不断增大,叶顶间隙引起涡的尺度和强度也相应增大,使压缩机性能降低。In order to explore the influence of tip clearance on the internal flow and aerodynamic performance of multistage axial compressor,a 12 stage multistage axial compressor was studied.Firstly,the compressor performance curves with nearly zero tip clearance(C_(n0)),design clearance(C_(d)),1.5 times design clearance(1.5 C_(d))and 2 times design clearance(2 C_(d))were predicted based on numerical simulation;Then,on this basis,the nonlinear harmonic method(NLH)is used to simulate the unsteady numerical calculation of different gap models;Finally,the internal flow field of the simulation results is analyzed.The results show that the tip clearance not only affects the flow characteristic curve of the compressor,but also has the best performance at a certain clearance.At the same time,there is an optimal clearance in the stable working range,that is,the optimal value of stall margin.Through the analysis of the flow field in the compressor blade tip region,the reasons for the influence of the vortex formed by the tip leakage flow on the compressor performance are clarified from the perspective of unsteady flow field.In the near zero clearance model,the tip clearance vortex is not obvious,and the blockage caused by too small clearance causes a large range of high-speed flow area on the blade suction surface.When the tip clearance is about the optimal value,the tip leakage flow inhibits the flow separation.With the increase of tip clearance,the size and intensity of vortices caused by tip clearance also increase,which reduces the performance of compressor.

关 键 词：多级轴流压缩机 非线性谐波法 叶顶间隙 叶顶间隙涡 

分 类 号：TK05[动力工程及工程热物理]