“一带一路”北极航道开发:动力、趋势及中国应对  

Development of Arctic Shipping Route in the Belt and Road:Driving Forces,Trends and China’s Response Strategies

作　　者：蓝庆新[1] 张心平 LAN Qing-xin;ZHANG Xin-ping(Center for BRICS Studies,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China;International Business Strategy Institute,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学金砖国家研究中心,北京100029 [2]对外经济贸易大学国际商务战略研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期35-49,共15页Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：全球气候变暖优化了北极航道的开发条件,在国际局势动荡导致全球贸易不确定性上升的背景下,中俄共建“冰上丝绸之路”,以北极航道为主要发展对象开发国际航运新通道,将成为中国对外贸易高质量发展的新路径。目前,北极航道在港口、船舶、货运、航运制度等方面初具规模,且中俄已在北极航道国际运输合作中打下了坚实基础,中国正面临打通对外经贸往来新通道的重要机遇,但也面临着国际航运业市场低迷、北极航道航行成本波动性较大、俄罗斯北极地区投资环境不佳、北极地区生态环境保护急迫、北极治理制度不完善等多重挑战。为此,中国应积极参与北极航道基础设施建设、建立针对性投资风险管理制度、参与北极生态环境治理工程、推动搭建更合理的北极治理机制,以提高北极开发质量和效率,并巩固中国在北极开发中的地位。With global warming optimizing the development conditions of the Arctic shipping route,and against the backdrop of increased uncertainty in global trade due to the turbulence of the international situation,China and Russia are jointly building the“Polar Silk Road”and developing a new international shipping channel with the Arctic shipping route,which will be a new path for China to break the economic blockade.At present,the Arctic shipping route has begun to take shape in terms of ports,ships,cargo transport,shipping system,etc.China and Russia have laid a solid foundation for international transport cooperation in the Arctic shipping route.While China is encountering significant opportunities to open up a new channel for foreign economic and trade exchanges,it also faces multiple challenges such as downturn in the international shipping market,large fluctuation in the cost of Arctic shipping route voyage,poor investment environment in the Russian Arctic region,urgent ecological environment protection in the Arctic,and inadequate Arctic governance system.Therefore,China should actively participate in the construction of Arctic shipping route infrastructure,establish a targeted investment risk management system,participate in Arctic ecological and environmental management projects,and promote the establishment of a sounder Arctic governance mechanism,with a view to improving quality and efficiency of Arctic development and strengthening China’s role in the Arctic development process.

关 键 词：“:一带一路” “冰上丝绸之路” 北极航道 

分 类 号：U61[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] F551[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]