COPD患者对职业暴露因素所致慢阻肺的疾病认知与控制水平相关性的调查  

A survey on the correlation between patients'cognition with COPD caused by occupational exposure and the control of the disease

作　　者：薛宁 谷晓新[1] 李子昂[1] 陈欣 贺今 宁琼 XUE Ning;GU Xiaoxin;LI Zi'ang;CHEN Xin;HE Jin;NING Qiong(Department of Occupational Disease,Jinan Hospital,Jinan,Shandong 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]济南医院职业病科,山东济南250013 [2]山东第一医科大学附属职业病医院/山东省职业病医院,山东济南250002

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2024年第5期425-429,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：济南市科学技术局临床医学科技创新计划(202019179);中国疾病预防控制中心卫生健康标准制定项目(20210303)。

摘　　要：目的调查我国城市慢性阻塞性肺病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者疾病控制情况以及对COPD、职业暴露因素所致COPD的认知情况,并分析其与COPD控制水平之间的相关性,为进一步提高COPD控制水平提供理论依据。方法对2021年1月至2021年6月济南市内1家三级甲等综合医院呼吸内科、1家三级甲等职业病医院、1家二级甲等综合医院职业病科的COPD患者192例,进行面对面问卷调查。结果调查者中职业暴露组98人,占51.0%,非职业暴露组94人,占49.0%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.582,P<0.05);问题2关于COPD急性加重期患者每日应规律使用的一线治疗药物为“支气管舒张剂”是否推荐优先选择单用短效支气管舒张剂(如沙丁胺醇)或联合短效抗胆碱能药物(如异丙托溴铵)吸入治疗,mMRC量表分级中回答正确组构成比低于回答错误组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.471,P<0.05);回答问题5关于职业性刺激性化学物所致COPD是否属于法定职业病时,职业暴露组与非职业暴露组相比较,回答正确组构成比职业暴露组高于非职业暴露组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.265,P<0.05)。结论结论COPD患者对COPD疾病的知晓率较低,COPD患者对职业暴露所致COPD的相关认知严重欠缺,疾病控制水平欠佳。加强COPD及职业暴露相关知识的普及和健康教育,有助于提高全民COPD控制水平。Objective The survey was designed to find,in Chinese cities,how well chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is controlled and how the patients perceive it as a result of occupational exposure.Toprovide an analysis into the correlation between patients’cognition with COPD and the control of the disease in a way to provide the theoretical basis for better controlling the disease.Methods A total of 192 COPD patients were surveyed face-to-face in the form of questionnaire from January 2020 to June 2021.They were from three hospitals in Jinan,including a tertiary general hospital,a tertiary occupational hospital and a secondary general hospitalrespectively.Results Among the surveyed,98casesin the occupational exposure group,taking up 51%of the total;94cases in the non-occupational exposure group,taking up 49%.The effectiveness of COPD control was measured by two dimensions,one was the mMRC classification(0,1,2,3,4)which used to assess the difficulty of breathing,another was the COPD grouping(A,B,C,D)which used to assess the severity of the disease according to the guidelines in GOLD 2020 Report.Question 1 is that what COPDis.In the COPD assessment grouping,it was found that the constituent ratio of respondents who answered correctly was lower than that ofincorrect answer groupwithsignificantly difference(χ^(2)=12.582,P<0.05).Question 2 aboutwhich is preferredin the treatment of acute COPD patients advised to use bronchodilators regularly on a daily basis?To only use a short-acting bronchodilator like ventolin or to use together with shortacting anticholinergic like ipratropium bromide.In the mMRC classification,it was found that the constituent ratio of respondents who answered correctlywas lower than that of incorrect answer group,with significantly difference(χ^(2)=18.471,P<0.05).There were significant differences between the occupational exposure group and non-occupational exposure group in the question 5 about whether COPD caused by occupational irritant chemicals is a legal occupational disease,χ^(2)=8.2

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺病 职业暴露 疾病认知 疾病控制 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]