Cretaceous crown male ant reveals the rise of modern lineages  

作　　者：Qiong Wu Alexander G.Radchenko Michael S.Engel Xiao-Qin Li Hong-Ru Yang Xing-Ru Li Chung-Kun Shih Dong Ren Tai-Ping Gao 

机构地区：[1]College of Life Sciences,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China [2]I.I.Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology,NAS of Ukraine,Kiev 01054,Ukraine [3]Division of Invertebrate Zoology,American Museum of Natural History,New York 10024-5192,USA [4]Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas,Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos,Lima 11-0058,Perú [5]Departamento de Entomología,Museo de Historia Natural,Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos,Lima 15072,Perú [6]Department of Chemistry,Analytical and Testing Center,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China [7]Department of Paleobiology,National Museum of Natural History,Smithsonian Institution,Washington DC 20013-7012,USA

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2024年第5期983-989,共7页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270467,32020103006);National Research Foundation of Ukraine(2020/02/0369 to A.G.R.);CONCYTEC through the PROCIENCIA“Interinstitutional Alliances for Doctorate Programs”(PE501084299-2023-PROCIENCIA-BM to M.S.E.)。

摘　　要：Most described Mesozoic ants belong to stem groups that existed only during the Cretaceous period.Previously,the earliest known crown ants were dated to the Turonian(Late Cretaceous,ca.94-90 million years ago(Ma))deposits found in the USA,Kazakhstan,and Botswana.However,the recent discovery of an alate male ant in Kachin amber from the earliest Cenomanian(ca.99 Ma),representing a new genus and species,Antiquiformica alata,revises the narrative on ant diversification.Antiquiformica can be distinctly differentiated from all known male stem ants by its geniculate antennae with elongated scape,extending far beyond the occipital margin of the head and half the length of the funiculus,as well as its partly reduced forewing venation.Furthermore,the combination of a one-segmented waist with a well-developed node,elongated scape extending beyond the occipital margin,and reduced forewing venation,particularly the completely reduced m-cu and rs-m crossveins and absence of rm and mcu closed cells,firmly places the fossil within the extant subfamily Formicinae.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)confirmed that the amber containing Antiquiformica alata originated from the Kachin mines in Myanmar.This discovery significantly revises our understanding of the early evolution of Formicinae.The presence of Antiquiformica in Cenomanian amber indicates that the subfamily Formicinae emerged at least by the start of the Late Cretaceous,with crown ants likely originating earlier during the earliest Cretaceous or possibly the Late Jurassic,although paleontological evidence is lacking to support the latter hypothesis.

关 键 词：FORMICIDAE FORMICINAE Morphology Taxonomy Antiquiformica alata PALEONTOLOGY Kachin amber 

分 类 号：Q915[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]