无机粒子对热塑性聚酰胺弹性体发泡及抗收缩行为的影响:开孔机制揭示  

Effect of inorganic particles on the foaming and anti-shrinkage behav⁃ior of thermoplastic polyamide elastomers and the mechanism of for⁃mation of an open-cell structure

作　　者：马宇飞 翟玉娇 赵玉印 蒋晓怡 信春玲[1,2] 何亚东[1,2] MA YuFei;ZHAI YuJiao;ZHAO YuYin;JIANG XiaoYi;XIN ChunLing;HE YaDong(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Polymer Processing Equipment Engineering Research Center,Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029 [2]北京化工大学高分子材料加工装备教育部工程研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期54-61,共8页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：以超临界CO_(2)为发泡剂,制备了低收缩高倍率的热塑性聚酰胺弹性体(TPAE)/无机粒子微孔泡沫。基于扫描电子显微镜、接触角仪、真密度仪等仪器,并结合间歇发泡实验研究了无机粒子对TPAE发泡及抗收缩行为的影响。结果表明,相比较于滑石粉(Talc),硅酸钙(CaSiO_(3))、碳酸钙(CaCO_(3))以及硅灰石(WI)这3种无机粒子都分别与TPAE间的界面张力更高,表现出明显的热力学不相容行为。通过对泡沫开孔结构形成机制的分析,发现复合物泡沫的开孔率随无机粒子与TPAE基体间界面张力、无机粒子直径以及分布密度的增加而提高。而开孔结构的形成可加快CO_(2)与空气的置换速率,降低TPAE泡沫的收缩。故无机粒子的引入改善了TPAE泡沫的泡孔密度和泡孔结构的均匀性和尺寸稳定性,进而制备出开孔率超过90%、发泡倍率达到20倍、收缩率低于5%的TPAE泡沫,并显著增强了TPAE泡沫的尺寸稳定性。Thermoplastic polyamide elastomer(TPAE)/inorganic particle microcellular foams with low shrinkage and high expansion ratio have been prepared using supercritical CO_(2) as a blowing agent.The effects of inorganic particles on the foaming and anti-shrinkage behavior of TPAE were studied using scanning electron microscopy,con-tact angle measurements,rotary rheometry,true density measurements,and intermittent foaming experiments.The results show that compared with Talc as a standard,calcium silicate(CaSiO_(3)),calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3)),and wollastonite(WI)all have higher interfacial tension with TPAE,showing apparent thermodynamic incompatibility and improving the melt viscoelasticity of TPAE.Analysis of the mechanism of formation of the open-cell structure of the composite foams shows that their open-cell content increases with the increasing interfacial tension between the inorganic particles and the TPAE matrix,the diameter of inorganic particles,and the distribution density.The for-mation of an open-cell structure can accelerate the exchange rate of CO_(2) and air,and reduce the shrinkage of the TPAE foams.Therefore,the introduction of inorganic particles not only improves the cell density and uniformity of the cell structure of TPAE foam but also endows the TPAE foam with an open-cell content of more than 90%,an expansion ratio of 20,and a shrinkage ratio of less than 5%,which significantly enhances the dimensional stability.

关 键 词：热塑性聚酰胺弹性体 界面张力 开孔结构 微孔泡沫 抗收缩 

分 类 号：TQ323.6[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]