基于海洋环境容量的钦州湾入海排污口选划研究  

Research on the selection and planning of marine outfalls in Qinzhou Bay based on ocean environmental capacity

作　　者：李亚娟[1] 刘爱珍[1] 周舟[1] 赵英杰[1] LI Yajuan;LIU Aizhen;ZHOU Zhou;ZHAO Yingjie(Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Technology on Water Transport,Ministry of Transport,Tianjin 300456,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所水路交通环境保护技术交通行业重点实验室,天津300456

出　　处：《水道港口》2024年第4期543-550,共8页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3203400);中央级公益性科研院所科研创新基金项目(TKS20210211)。

摘　　要：针对钦州湾海域因围填海活动导致原有排污口功能受限的问题,进行了排污口选址的优化研究。钦州湾围填海工程的实施改变了海域的水动力特性,对排污口的排放效率和环境质量产生了显著影响。基于MIKE21模型,对钦州湾的水动力条件和环境质量进行了深入的数值模拟分析。研究预测了18个潜在排污点位的环境容量,发现在当前岸线条件下,特定排污口具有32万m^(3)/d的处理能力,满足了近期的排污需求;研究针对中远期规划,提出了两个排污口的组合排放方案,预计总排污量可达56万m^(3)/d,有效应对了近100万m^(3)/d的排污需求。此外,还提出了提高污水处理厂尾水排放标准,将总氮排放浓度从15 mg/L提标至10 mg/L,总磷排放浓度从0.5 mg/L提标至0.3 mg/L,以进一步提升排污口的环境容量,为钦州湾海域的环境保护和可持续发展提供了决策支持。研究解决了超大排污需求(近100万m^(3)/d)的难题,且提出的双排污口组合方案丰富了入海排污口选址研究思路。In this paper,the issue of restricted functionality of existing sewage outlets in Qinzhou Bay due to reclamation activities was addressed,which has significantly altered the bay′s hydrodynamic properties and the outlets′discharge efficiency.An in-depth numerical analysis of the bay′s hydrodynamic and environmental conditions was conducted utilizing the MIKE21 model.The research identified an optimal outlet with a capacity of 320000 m^(3)/d for immediate demands and proposed a dual-outlet scheme to manage a long-term demands of up to 1 million m^(3)/d.Additionally,it recommends enhancing wastewater treatment standards and raising total nitrogen and phosphorus discharge limits to augment the outlets′environmental capacity.This research provides scientific support for sustainable environmental management in Qinzhou Bay and enriches the approach to marine sewage outlet location planning.

关 键 词：排污口 选划 海洋环境容量 钦州湾 水动力 污染扩散 

分 类 号：U698.7[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]