湛江湾海域沉积物重金属污染特征及来源研究  

Characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution in sediments of Zhanjiang Bay

作　　者：徐静 李鑫 王燕玲 XU Jing;LI Xin;WANG Yanling(Environmental Technology Development of TIWTE(Tianjin)Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300456,China;Tianjin Teda Electronic Engineering Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天科院环境科技发展(天津)有限公司,天津300456 [2]天津泰达电子工程有限公司,天津300457

出　　处：《水道港口》2024年第4期590-596,共7页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：交通运输行业重点科技项目(2021-MS5-136);中央级公益性科研院所科研创新基金项目(TKS20200109)。

摘　　要：测定了2021年4月采集的湛江湾海域的10份沉积物样品中的7种重金属(Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、As、Pb和Zn),并对其主要来源和生态风险进行了分析和探讨。结果显示:Cu、Zn、Cr和As的含量符合一类海洋沉积物标准,而Cd超标率最高。通过地累积指数和污染负荷指数的分析,发现Cd的污染程度最为严重,其次是Hg和Pb,而Cu、As、Zn和Cr的污染程度较低。溯源分析显示,湛江湾重金属的主要来源包括船舶排放、水产养殖排污、工业排污、生活垃圾和农业源。潜在生态风险系数评价表明,湛江湾的重金属污染具有较强的生态风险,其中Cd和Hg是关键的潜在生态风险因子。The concentrations of seven heavy metals(Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,As,Pb,and Zn)in 10 sediment samples collected from the Zhanjiang Bay in April 2020 were analyzed.The focus was on identifying the sources and assessing the ecological risks posed by these metals.The results show that Cu,Zn,Cr,and As meet the standards for Class I marine sediments,while Cd has the highest exceedance rate.The analysis of the geo-accumulation index and pollution load index reveals that Cd pollution in the sediment is the most severe,followed by Hg and Pb,while the pollution levels of Cu,As,Zn,and Cr are relatively low.Tracing the sources of these heavy metals,it is found that they are mainly derived from ship emissions,aquaculture discharge,industrial wastewater,municipal waste,and agricultural sources.The evaluation of the potential ecological risk index indicates a significant ecological risk associated with heavy metal pollution in Zhanjiang Bay,with Cd and Hg identified as key potential ecological risk factors.

关 键 词：湛江湾海域 沉积物 重金属 地累积指数 污染评价 生态风险 

分 类 号：U698.7[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]