我国建筑索结构的发展与工程实践  

Development and engineering practice of building cable structures in China

作　　者：陈志华[1,2] CHEN Zhihua(Key Laboratory of Coast Civil Structure and Safety,Ministry of Education(Tianjin University),Tianjin 300072,China;School of Civil Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]滨海土木工程结构与安全教育部重点实验室(天津大学),天津300072 [2]天津大学建筑工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《建筑结构》2024年第19期44-50,65,共8页Building Structure

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目“张弦穹顶的静力性能研究”(199801);国家自然科学基金“基于张拉整体概念的弦支结构体系研究”(B201004);国家自然科学基金“基于数字孪生和深度学习一体化的索穹顶结构智能损伤识别与寿命预测”(52378175)。

摘　　要：索结构已经成为现代大跨度建筑结构的首选体系之一。梳理了七十年以来我国索结构的发展历程,将其分为起步、缓慢发展和快速发展三个阶段,并对每个阶段进行了详细分类和阐述。对建筑索结构中的拉索构件和节点构件进行了归纳和总结,系统地列举了各类构件的主要形式。此外,综述了悬索结构、索膜结构、张弦(弦支)结构及索穹顶结构等典型结构形式的特点、受力机理及代表性工程,进一步展示了索结构在实际工程中的广泛应用和显著优势。这些结构形式不仅体现了索结构的创新性和灵活性,也证明了其在满足大跨度建筑需求方面的卓越性能。在可持续绿色发展的要求下,随着科技的不断进步,索结构在建筑领域的应用前景愈发广阔。我国的索结构将继续在大跨度建筑领域中扮演重要角色,为实现更加高效、环保和创新的建筑设计提供有力支持。Cable structures have become one of the preferred systems for modern large-span building structures.The development trajectory of cable structures in China over the past seventy years was reviewed,and divided into three stages:inception,slow development,and rapid development,with detailed classifications and explanations for each stage.The cable members and node components in building cable structures were summarized,and the main forms of various components was systematically listed.Additionally,the characteristics,load mechanisms,and representative projects of typical structural forms such as suspension cable structures,cable-membrane structures,string-supported structures,and cable dome structures were reviewed,further the wide application and significant advantages of cable structures in practical engineering was demonstrated.These structural forms not only reflect the innovation and flexibility of cable structures but also prove their excellent performance in meeting the needs of large-span buildings.Under the requirements of sustainable and green development,and with the continuous advancement of technology,the application prospects of cable structures in the building field are becoming increasingly broad.Cable structures in China will continue to play an important role in the field of large-span buildings,providing strong support for achieving more efficient,environmentally friendly,and innovative architectural designs.

关 键 词：建筑索结构 拉索构件 索节点 悬索结构 索膜结构 张弦结构 索穹顶结构 

分 类 号：TU394[建筑科学—结构工程]