固体酸催化剂降解纤维素工艺研究  

Preparation of Nanocrystalline Cellulose by Heterogeneous Catalysis

作　　者：安昭宇 张慧 王子豪 裴小嘉 丁彧洁 周慧 AN Zhaoyu;ZHANG Hui;WANG Zihao;PEI Xiaojia;DING Yujie;ZHOU Hui(College of Food Science and Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian,Liaoning 116023,China;National R&D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing,Dalian,Liaoning 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province,Dalian,Liaoning 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学食品科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]国家海藻加工技术研发分中心,辽宁大连116023 [3]辽宁水产品加工及综合利用重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《农产品加工》2024年第18期64-68,共5页Farm Products Processing

基　　金：褐藻纳米纤维素——褐藻胶可降解吸管的研制与性能研究项目(202210158005)。

摘　　要：传统工艺硫酸法制备纳米纤维素易腐蚀设备,具有一定的危险性,催化剂难以回收且催化效率较低,易产生副反应,后续处理较为繁琐,残留浓硫酸排放后会对环境造成污染,需要对废液进行一定的处理才能排放到环境中。主要研究了以非均相催化剂催化海藻纤维素制备纳米纤维素的工艺条件。以海藻纤维素进行纳米晶纤维素的催化合成,使用D079-02、D079-03、D079-04、二氧化锆、磷钨酸水合物5种催化剂进行对照试验,通过分析所得纳米纤维素的粒径分布和Zeta电位,得出以磷钨酸水合物为催化剂,纳米纤维素的粒径最小。后续以磷钨酸水合物为催化剂,研究了反应温度、反应时间和催化剂用量对纳米纤维素粒径和Zeta电位的影响。结果表明,在反应温度120℃,反应时间4 h,催化剂和原料的比例为2/3的条件下,催化效果较好,粒径为237.8 nm,Zeta电位为-26.8 mV。故可以使用非均相催化剂代替硫酸均相催化剂,催化纤维素制备纳米纤维素。The traditional sulfuric acid method for preparing nano cellulose is easy to corrode equipment,and has certain risks.The catalyst is difficult to recover and has low catalytic efficiency,which is easy to generate side reactions.The subsequent treatment is complicated.After the residual concentrated sulfuric acid is discharged,it will pollute the environment,and the waste liquid needs to be treated to discharge into the environment.In this paper the technological conditions of preparing nano-cellulose from seaweed cellulose catalyzed by heterogeneous catalyst were mainly studied.Alginate cellulose was used to catalyze the synthesis of nanocrystalline cellulose.Five catalysts D079-02,D079-03,D079-04,zirconium dioxide and phosphotungstic acid hydrate were used to carry out experiments.The particle size distribution and Zeta potential of the obtained nano cellulose were analyzed.The results showed that the particle size of nano cellulose was the smallest with phosphotungstic acid hydrate as catalyst.Then,using phosphotungstic acid hydrate as catalyst,the effects of reaction temperature,reaction time and catalyst dosage on the particle size and Zeta potential of nano cellulose were studied.The results showed that under the conditions of 120℃,4 h reaction and 2/3 ratio of catalyst and raw materials,the catalytic effect was better,the particle size was 237.8 nm,and the Zeta potential was-26.8 mV.Therefore,heterogeneous catalyst could be used instead of sulfuric acid homogeneous catalyst to catalyze microcrystalline cellulose to prepare nano-cellulose.

关 键 词：非均相催化 海藻纤维素 纳米纤维素 磷钨酸水合物 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学]