特提斯域演化对四川超级盆地油气系统形成的影响  

Impact of Tethyan domain evolution on the formation of petroleum systems in the Sichuan super basin,SW China

作　　者：石书缘[1] 杨威[1] 周刚 姜华[1] 孟昊 武赛军[1] 张岩 鲁卫华[1] 白壮壮 SHI Shuyuan;YANG Wei;ZHOU Gang;JIANG Hua;MENG Hao;WU Saijun;ZHANG Yan;LU Weihua;BAI Zhuangzhuang(Research Institution of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Petrochina,Beijing 100083,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field Company,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院,成都610041

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2024年第5期1024-1039,共16页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“环青藏高原盆山体系动力学与天然气富集机理”(U22B6002);国家自然科学基金项目“扬子西北缘早古生代海相多幕次构造-沉积转换及其成烃成储响应”(U2344209);中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“叠合盆地中下组合油气成藏与保持机制研究”(2023ZZ02)。

摘　　要：基于“单向裂解—聚合”地球动力学模型,研究特提斯域演化对四川超级盆地油气系统形成的影响,探讨天然气富集规律。结果表明:①四川盆地及周缘新元古代—三叠纪历经了原特提斯洋和古特提斯洋叠加影响的两次单向裂解—聚合旋回,侏罗纪—新生代并入新特提斯构造域及环青藏高原盆山体系,板块内部各幕次构造运动控制沉积充填形式。②特提斯域演化、古气候环境和重大地质事件控制了盆地内部优质烃源岩形成与分布;裂谷、克拉通内裂陷、被动大陆边缘斜坡和克拉通内凹陷是烃源岩发育的有利地质构造单元。③特提斯域演化、超级大陆旋回、全球海平面变化以及构造-气候事件控制了碳酸盐台地及储盖组合的分布;克拉通台地边缘、台地内部水下地貌高带是寻找碳酸盐岩高能相带的重点区,同沉积古隆起及围斜区、区域性不整合面和后期改造断裂带是规模碳酸盐岩储层分布区;区域性蒸发岩或者泥页岩盖层有利于盆地油气大规模保存。④早期构造-沉积演化格局和后期构造改造程度共同影响的成藏要素时空匹配关系是油气富集的关键,未来油气勘探要重点关注南华纪裂谷期潜在含气系统,四川盆地东部—南部地区寒武系盐下含气系统以及二叠系、三叠系全油气系统等领域。Based on the“unidirectional rifting-aggregation”geodynamic model,this study investigates the impact of the evolution of the Tethyan domain on the formation of petroleum systems in the Sichuan super basin and explores the enrichment pattern of natural gas.Frist,the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas have experienced two unidirectional rifting-aggregation cycles influenced by the Proto-Tethys Ocean and the Paleo-Tethys Ocean during the Neoproterozoic to Triassic.During Jurassic–Cenozoic,the Sichuan Basin is incorporated in the circum-Tibetan plateau basin-mountain coupled tectonic domain system.The tectonic movements of each phase within the plate control the sedimentary infill styles.Second,the evolution of the Tethyan domain,paleoclimatic environment and major geological events controlled the formation and distribution of high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks within the basin.The rift valley and intracratonic rift,passive continental margin slope,and intracratonic sags are favorable areas for the development of hydrocarbon source rocks.Third,the evolution of the Tethyan domain,supercontinent cycles,global sea level changes,and tectono-climatic events controlled the distribution of carbonate platform and reservoir-seal combinations.The cratonic platform margins and sub-platform high terrains formed during the rifting or aggregation processes are key areas for finding carbonate high-energy facies belts.Syndepositional paleo-uplifts and surrounding slopes,regional unconformities,and later tectonic faults are areas where large-scale carbonate reservoirs are distributed.The regional evaporite or shale seals are beneficial for the large-scale preservation of oil and gas in the basin.Fourth,the spatio-temporal matching relationship of reservoir forming factors influenced by the early tectonic-sedimentary evolution pattern and the degree of later tectonic modification is the key to oil and gas enrichment.Future oil and gas exploration should focus on potential gas systems during the Sinian rift period,Cambrian

关 键 词：特提斯域 构造-沉积演化 大陆单向裂解—聚合 四川盆地 超级盆地 地质事件 油气成藏 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]