叠合盆地深层海相油气差异富集历史的动态模拟——以塔河油田下古生界含油气系统为例  

Dynamic simulation of differential accumulation history of deep marine oil and gas in superimposed basin: A case study of Lower Paleozoic petroleum system of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin, NW China

作　　者：李斌[1,2] 钟笠 吕海涛 杨素举 徐勤琪 张鑫 郑斌嵩 LI Bin;ZHONG Li;LYU Haitao;YANG Suju;XU Qinqi;ZHANG Xin;ZHENG Binsong(School of Geosicence and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Development Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Northwest Oilfield Company,Sinopec,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,成都610500 [2]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,成都610500 [3]中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2024年第5期1053-1066,共14页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：四川省区域创新合作项目“复杂油藏高效开发相关技术研究及推广应用”(21QYCX0048);中国石油化工股份有限公司科技部项目“塔北奥陶系油气富集规律与增储目标评价”(P21048-3)。

摘　　要：以塔里木盆地塔河油田下古生界含油气系统为例,针对叠合盆地深层海相油气复杂的差异富集历史,采用成藏动力学模拟方法进行深层油气的生排烃、运聚和调整改造的历史恢复。研究表明:①塔河油田下寒武统烃源岩的热演化史反映出不同构造带的生排烃过程及其强度具有明显不同,是导致深层油气相态差异的主要原因。②走滑断裂和不整合面等构成的复合输导体系控制深层油气早期运移聚集和后期调整,中寒武统台内膏盐岩阻止深层油气的垂向运聚,致使深层油气呈现明显的“断控”特征,其中北东向走滑断裂带和深层油气运移低势区叠加有利于汇聚成藏,且主要沿北东向走滑断裂带呈串珠状分布。③成藏动态模拟揭示“源-断-缝-膏-保”时空配置控制塔河深层油气的差异富集,奥陶系经历多期充注、垂向运聚、侧向调整改造的成藏历史,深层油气一直处于运移聚集和逸散的动态平衡中。④油气残留量统计显示塔河油田深层奥陶系鹰山组和蓬莱坝组仍具有较好的勘探开发潜力,超深层中上寒武统具有一定的油气资源前景。研究为塔里木盆地深层油气的动态定量评价提供了参考依据,也可以为古老克拉通盆地碳酸盐岩相关油气成藏演化的研究提供借鉴。According to the complex differential accumulation history of deep marine oil and gas in superposition basins,the Lower Paleozoic petroleum system in Tahe Oilfield of Tarim Basin is selected as a typical case,and the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion,migration and accumulation,adjustment and transformation of deep oil and gas is restored by means of reservoine-forming dynamics simulation.The thermal evolution history of the Lower Cambrian source rocks in Tahe Oilfield reflects the obvious differences in hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process and intensity in different tectonic zones,which is the main reason controlling the differences in deep oil and gas phases.The complex transport system composed of strike-slip fault and unconformity,etc.controlled early migration and accumulation and late adjustment of deep oil and gas,while the Middle Cambrian gypsum-salt rock in inner carbonate platform prevented vertical migration and accumulation of deep oil and gas,resulting in an obvious"fault-controlled"feature of deep oil and gas,in which the low potential area superimposed by the NE-strike-slip fault zone and deep oil and gas migration was conducive to accumulation,and it is mainly beaded along the strike-slip fault zone in the northeast direction.The dynamic simulation of reservoir formation reveals that the spatio-temporal configuration of"source-fault-fracture-gypsum-preservation"controls the differential accumulation of deep oil and gas in Tahe.The Ordovician has experienced the accumulation history of multiple periods of charging,vertical migration and accumulation,and lateral adjustment and transformation,and deep oil and gas have always been in the dynamic equilibrium of migration,accumulation and escape.The statistics of residual oil and gas show that the deep stratum of Tahe Oilfield still has exploration and development potential in the Ordovician Yingshan Formation and Penglaiba Formation,and the Middle and Upper Cambrian ultra-deep stratum has a certain oil and gas resource prospect.Thi

关 键 词：叠合盆地 塔里木盆地 海相碳酸盐岩 油气差异富集 动态成藏模拟 流体势技术 塔河油田 下古生界含油气系统模拟 深层—超深层 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]