俄乌冲突促使俄罗斯转向中国  

Russia-Ukraine Conflict Makes Russia Turn to China

作　　者：柳丰华[1] Liu Fenghua

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2024年第5期5-23,共19页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

摘　　要：俄乌冲突及其导致的俄罗斯与西方对抗促使俄转向中国。俄罗斯外贸、能源出口和金融等转向中国,因此中国成为俄最大贸易伙伴和能源市场,人民币成为俄主要外汇储备货币、国际结算货币和外汇交易货币。俄罗斯外交也在一定程度上转向中国,主要包括俄在构建世界新秩序和反对霸权主义、俄乌冲突国际调解以及欧亚地区安全治理方面倚重中国。转向中国是特殊时期俄罗斯被迫之选,权宜之法;是加强对华关系,不是向中国一边倒。在转向中国的同时,俄罗斯致力于经济本土化和外交多元化,随时准备缓和与美欧的关系。虽然中俄经贸关系呈现不平衡性和俄罗斯外交对中国有所倚重,但是两国关系总体上仍然是平等、互信、友好与合作的。中俄两国应继续在平等互利的基础上发展各领域合作——既不为美西方散布的“俄罗斯依附中国论”所离间,又要促进彼此经济依存与政治信任——以推动中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系持续发展。The Russia-Ukraine conflict and the confrontation between Russia and the West caused by it jointly prompts Russia to turn to China.Russia's foreign trade,energy exports,and finance have turned to China,making China Russia's largest trading partner and energy market.The renminbi has become Russia's main reserve currency,international settlement currency,foreign currency savings,and foreign exchange trading currency.Russia's diplomacy has also shifted to China to a certain extent,mainly including Russia's reliance on diplomatic cooperation between Russia and China in building a new world order and opposing hegemonism,its reliance on China in international mediation of the Russia-Ukraine conflict,and its beginning to rely on Chinese power in security affairs in the Eurasian region.Turning to China is an objective process that has already begun and will continue for 6-10 years.Since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict,although the China-Russia economic and trade relations are unbalanced and Russia's diplomacy relies on China to a certain extent,the relations between the two countries are still equal,mutual trust,friendship and cooperation on the whole.China and Russia should continue to develop cooperation in various fields on the basis of equality and mutual benefit-not to be separated by the"Russia's dependence on China"rhetoric spread by the United States and the West,but to promote mutual economic dependence and political trust between the two countries-in order to promote the sustained development of the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Russia in the new era.

关 键 词：中俄关系 俄乌冲突 中俄经贸合作 转向中国 中俄战略协作 

分 类 号：D822.2.512[政治法律—政治学]