2023年中俄贸易:特点与问题  

China-Russia Trade in 2023:Characteristics and Problems

作　　者：刘华芹[1] Liu Huaqin

机构地区：[1]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2024年第5期24-44,共21页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

摘　　要：2023年,全球地缘政治冲突频发,世界经济增速放缓,在此背景下中俄携手并进,共克时艰。2023年中俄经贸合作的特点为:夯实经贸合作基础、货物贸易创历史最高水平、贸易联系更加密切、贸易平衡明显改善、贸易结构持续优化、跨境电商不断创新、对俄贸易省区更加广泛、民营企业成为贸易主体等。与此同时,中俄双方在运输服务、金融服务、旅游服务和医疗服务等领域加强合作,大项目建设稳步推进,地方经贸合作更加务实。尽管中俄贸易取得令人瞩目的成就,但也存在一定问题,包括物流运输短板突出、俄方政策的不确定性加大、欧美次级制裁的持续性影响以及双边贸易发展受到制约。展望未来,地缘政治冲突引发全球经济风险上升,中俄双方应加强形势研判与政策沟通,真正落实两国领导人确定的2030年前中俄经济合作重点方向,加大合作力度,推动两国贸易实现高质量发展。In 2023,global geopolitical conflicts were frequent and the world economic growth rate was accordingly slowing down.Against this background,China and Russia worked together and overcame many difficulties.In 2023,the two countries have consolidated the foundation of their economic and trade cooperation,reached a historical high in goods trade,strengthened trade ties,significantly improved trade balance,continuously optimized trade structure,innovated cross-border e-commerce,increased more provinces and regions in the trade network with Russia and made sure private enterprises as the main body of trade.At the same time,China and Russia have strengthened cooperation in the fields of transportation services,financial services,tourism services and medical services,the construction of major projects has been steadily promoted,and local economic and trade cooperation has become more pragmatic.Although China-Russia trade has achieved remarkable achievements,there are also certain problems,including prominent shortcomings in logistics and transportation,increased uncertainty in Russia's policies,the continued impact of secondary sanctions from Europe and the US,and other constraints on the development of bilateral trade.Looking ahead,geopolitical conflicts have led to rising global economic risks.China and Russia should enhance situation analysis and policy communication,truly follow the key directions of China-Russia economic cooperation before 2030 determined by the leaders of the two countries,and promote high-quality development of bilateral trade.

关 键 词：货物贸易 服务贸易 经济制裁 经济风险 

分 类 号：F125.5.512[经济管理—世界经济]