目标责任制:一种中国特色的层级驱动机制  

Target Responsibility System:A Hierarchical Driving Mechanism with Chinese Characteristics

作　　者：王诗宗[1] 章志涵 WANG Shizong;ZHANG Zhihan(School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江工商大学学报》2024年第5期5-14,共10页Journal of Zhejiang Gongshang University

基　　金：浙江省社会科学基地重点项目“基层政策执行与社会治理中多元机制的关系研究”(2022JDKTZD01)。

摘　　要：目标责任制作为一种具有中国特色的层级驱动机制,是一级政府或政府部门用以下贯本层级或条线行政意志,实现具体行政目标的重要抓手和关键工具。实践中,多层级党政组织通过明确任务中心的目标体系,形成落实到人的责任分配、开展激励导向的绩效考核等前后相继的环节,驱动下级切实完成行政任务,继而推动跨层级政策落实和治理目标实现。在经济发展、环境治理、全面小康等关乎人民福祉的公共事业中,目标责任制发挥了不可替代的作用。其生效机制、失效风险均引发大量学界讨论。值得注意的是,目标责任制既与中国传统智慧、社会主义优越性紧密相关,又是马列主义指导下我党执政为民的实践体现,具有鲜明的中国特色,应作为自主性概念加以认知。The Target Responsibility System(TRS)is a hierarchical driving mechanism with Chinese characteristics,employed by higher-level government entities to cascade policy directives downward and ensure their implementation.By setting task-specific targets for each organizational level,assigning individual responsibilities,and using performance evaluation to inform incentive systems,the TRS motivates subordinate units across a hierarchical party or government structure to efficiently execute policies and achieve administrative objectives.This system has been instrumental in realizing public welfare goals in China,such as economic development,environmental governance,and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Extensive discussions in academia have sought to explain the effectiveness of the TRS in these areas,and to identify its limitations and assess its long-term viability as well.Rooted in traditional Chinese wisdom and socialist ideology,the TRS exemplifies the Communist Party of China's commitment to serving the people under the guidance of Marxism and Leninism.With its distinct Chinese characteristics,the TRS shall be regarded as an indigenous concept.

关 键 词：目标责任制 公共管理 政策执行 层级体系 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]