地面模拟高度导致辅助动力装置停车及限制  

Ground simulation altitude causing APU shutdown and limitations

作　　者：马扬 李彦双[1] 顾程 薛伟伟 MA Yang;LI Yanshuang;GU Cheng;XUE Weiwei(Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shanghai 201210,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]上海飞机设计研究院,上海201210

出　　处：《民用飞机设计与研究》2024年第3期31-35,共5页Civil Aircraft Design & Research

摘　　要：在进行大气数据计算系统的功能测试任务时,某型飞机在地面模拟空中高度并使用辅助动力装置(APU)供电的过程中,APU出现了熄火停车的现象。通过对APU的系统构造、控制系统原理、供油过程以及燃烧室的燃烧机理进行深入分析,确定了APU熄火的原因:尽管APU实际位于地面高度,但它错误地接收到了代表空中高度的信号。这导致APU在燃油调节控制过程中减少了燃油供给,以适应错误认为的“高空稀薄”空气。由于此时APU对燃油的实际需求量超过了供给量,APU因供油不足而转速下降,并触发了欠速保护机制,最终导致熄火停车。同时,分析了该现象可能对APU和飞机造成的影响。基于这些影响,建议在未来使用APU时,应从飞机端引入环境参数,并关注APU的使用限制。这样做可以防止在模拟高度与地面实际高度不一致的情况下,APU再次出现熄火停车的现象,从而降低对飞机设备造成损坏的风险,并有助于提高APU的使用寿命。This paper describes the phenomenon of a certain type of aircraft stalling and shutdown when powered by an APU during ground simulation of air altitude during the functional testing task of the atmospheric data calculation system;introduces the phenomenon of this problem and conducts root cause analysis from the APU system structure,control system principle,fuel supply process and combustion mechanism of combustion chamber.The reason for the stalling and shutdown of the APU is determined:the APU was actually at ground altitude,but received an altitude in the air.During the fuel adjustment control process,the APU reduced the fuel supply to match the"thin"air at high altitude.At this time,the actual demand for fuel is higher than the supply.Due to insufficient fuel supply,the APU's speed decreased and triggered underspeed protection,resulting in the APU stalling and shutdown.At the same time,it analyzes the possible impact of this phenomenon on the APU and the aircraft.Based on the analysis results,the usage restrictions that need to be paid attention to in the future are formulated to avoid the phenomenon of APU stalling and shutdown due to the inconsistency between simulated altitude and actual ground altitude,reduce the possibility of damage to aircraft equipment,and improve the service life of APU.

关 键 词：民用飞机 辅助动力装置 停车 

分 类 号：V23[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]