基于硬件加速平台的PCIE功耗评估流程优化研究  

PCIE Power Estimation Flow Optimization based on Hardware Accelerator

作　　者：周海亮 罗莉[1] 周理[1] 王永文[1] 彭宏荣 ZHOU Hailiang;LUO Li;ZHOU Li;WANG Yongwen;PENG Hongrong(School of Computer,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;Unit 31650,Qujing 655000,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学计算机学院,长沙410073 [2]31650部队,曲靖655000

出　　处：《智能安全》2024年第3期92-99,共8页Artificial Intelligence Security

基　　金：科技委重点实验室基金项目(2021-KJWPDL-14)。

摘　　要：高精确度的功耗评估是PPA(性能-功耗-面积)设计中的重要一环。提出了一种“试探测试+基准测试+压力测试”的三步评估流程,在试探测试阶段利用翻转率在线处理单元获得峰值翻转率阈值,在基准测试阶段获得功耗与翻转率之间的对应关系,在压力测试阶段推算出峰值功耗场景,充分利用动态功耗与翻转率近似正比的特性,解决了环境中带PCIE等动态外设时无法直接采用一般功耗评估流程的难题。为弥补硬件加速平台在测试激励上与真实芯片间的差距,敏化峰值功耗场景,提出并采用了目标设计的精细切割评估策略。最后,在如何巧妙构建测试激励上,通过比对数据,提出了一种敏化峰值功耗的思路。以某国产高性能人工智能芯片SUPER-1芯片的PCIE部件为例,采用本文所提供的功耗评估,最终的功耗评估精度达90%。Highly accurate power estimation was crucial for PPA(Performance-Power-Aera)design.A“tentative test+referenced test+exhaustive test”three-step power estimation flow was proposed in this paper.The peak toggle threshold value could be obtained with the help of an online toggle processing unit in the tentative test step.And the correspondence of power to toggle could be obtained in the referenced test.At last the peak power could be calculated in the exhaustive test step.It could overcome,by utilizing the geometric proportion between dynamic power and toggle,the shortcoming of normal power estimation flow when adapted to design with dynamic IO device such as PCIE.Fine-grained DUT partition strategy was proposed and adopted in this paper to promote peak power cases and flatten the gap of the test bench scale between emulation and Si-chip.A method about promoting peak power was also provided based on comparison datum.The strategies proposed in this paper were applied to the power estimation of domestic PCIE modules of high performance artificial intelligence CPU SUPER-1 with the accuracy of more than 90%.

关 键 词：功耗评估 动态功耗 翻转率 峰值功耗 

分 类 号：TP368[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]