中晚熟苹果品种秦脆在伊犁河谷的生长适应性  

Growth Adaptability of Mid Late Maturing Apple Variety Qincui in the Ili River Valley

作　　者：卢磊 唐金 周瑞娟 LU Lei;TANG Jin;ZHOU Rui-juan(Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Forestry Sciences,Yining 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁哈萨克自治州林业科学研究院,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2024年第4期29-34,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2023年中央财政林草科技推广示范项目“秦脆苹果良种综合技术集成与示范”(新[2023] TG11号);伊犁州科技计划重点研究与技术开发专项“伊犁河谷野果林种质资源保存与创新利用”(YZ2022A009);伊犁卢磊果树栽培技能大师工作室项目(2022001)。

摘　　要：为推动伊犁河谷科学合理调整苹果产业种植结构,增加中晚熟苹果品种的比例,引进中晚熟苹果品种秦脆进行区域栽培试验,对其在该区域的生长适应性、生长结果习性、苦痘病发生情况等进行分析。结果表明:秦脆苹果在伊犁河谷表现为树势中庸,成花力强;9月中下旬成熟,果实圆柱形,果形指数0.84,平均单果重262.9 g;可溶性固形物含量17.3%,Ca含量59.2 mg/kg,酸度0.29%,果肉硬度7.3 kg/cm^(2),果肉松脆,有香味,酸甜可口,汁液多;抗低温冻害能力强,在有冻害风险的寒冷区栽植表现优异,越冬期能够抵抗-32.03℃的低温,花期能够抵抗-5.77℃的低温。秦脆适应伊犁河谷的气候环境,果个大,果肉细脆、致密、多汁,品质极优,早结果、早丰产性强,秦脆与富士苹果相比腋花芽果实品质也很好,是一个综合性状优良的中晚熟苹果新品种,适宜在伊犁河谷地区发展,市场前景广阔。In order to promote the scientific and rational adjustment of the apple industry planting structure in the Ili River Valley,increase the proportion of mid late maturing apple varieties,the mid late maturing apple variety Qincui was introduced for regional experiments,and its growth adaptability,growth and fruiting habits,and occurrence of bitter acne in the region were analyzed.The results showed that Qincui exhibited moderate tree vigor and strong flowering ability in the Ili River Valley.In mid to late September,the fruit matures in a cylindrical shape with a fruit shape index of 0.84 and an average single fruit weight of 262.9 g.The soluble solids content is 17.3%,the Ca content is 59.2 mg/kg,the acidity is 0.29%,the fruit flesh hardness is 7.3 kg/cm^(2),the fruit flesh is crisp,fragrant,sweet and sour with a lot of juice.It has strong resistance to low temperature freezing damage,and excellent planting performance in cold areas with freezing damage risks.It is able to resist low temperatures of-32.03益during the overwintering period and-5.77益during the flowering period.Qincui is adapted to the climate environment of the Ili River Valley,with large fruit size,fine and crisp flesh,dense and juicy,excellent quality,and strong early fruiting and high yield.Compared with Fuji apple,Qincui also has good fruit quality with axillary flower buds.It is a new mid late maturing apple variety with excellent comprehensive traits,suitable for development in the Ili River Valley area,and has broad market prospects.

关 键 词：秦脆 区域试验 苹果苦痘病 适应性 伊犁河谷 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]