低剂量替罗非班用于急性颅内破裂动脉瘤支架置入结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗的有效性和安全性分析  

Efficacy and safety of low-dose tirofiban infusion used in stent-assisted coiling for ruptured intracranial aneurysms

作　　者：莫仡 曹洁[1] 朱旭成[1] 陈荣华[1] 邵华明[1] 宣井岗[1] 彭亚[1] Mo Yi;Cao Jie;Zhu Xucheng;Chen Ronghua;Shao Huaming;Xuan Jinggang;Peng Ya(Neurosurgery Department,the First People′s Hospital of Changzhou,Changzhou,Jiangsu 213000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省常州市第一人民医院神经外科,213000

出　　处：《中国脑血管病杂志》2024年第9期587-594,共8页Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases

基　　金：常州市第十六批科技计划(应用基础研究)项目(CJ20200111)。

摘　　要：目的探讨低剂量替罗非班用于支架置入结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗急性颅内破裂动脉瘤的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性连续纳入2011年4月至2020年9月常州市第一人民医院神经外科收治的颅内动脉瘤破裂伴蛛网膜下腔出血并于入院24~48 h内行支架置入结合弹簧圈栓塞且使用抗血小板聚集药物治疗患者335例,根据抗血小板聚集药物治疗方案的不同,将患者分为双抗组(89例)和替罗非班组(246例)。收集所有患者的基线及临床资料并进行组间比较,包括年龄、性别、高血压病、糖尿病、入院Hunt-Hess分级、入院改良Fisher量表评分、动脉瘤直径(>5 mm、≤5 mm)、动脉瘤位置(前循环、后循环)及术后急性脑积水或脑室积血、术后即刻动脉瘤栓塞情况。所有患者颅内动脉瘤破裂伴蛛网膜下腔出血均为入院后急诊头部CT平扫确认。术后即刻采用Raymond分级标准评估栓塞效果:Ⅰ级指完全不显影(完全栓塞),Ⅱ级指仅瘤颈显影(不完全栓塞),Ⅲ级指瘤体显影,其中Raymond分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级为有效栓塞。替罗非班组:在动脉瘤瘤腔内填入弹簧圈后、支架释放时,给予4.2μg/kg替罗非班静脉注射后以0.07μg/(kg·min)静脉滴注维持6~8 h,并在停止静脉滴注2 h前予序贯阿司匹林100 mg与氯吡格雷75 mg双联抗血小板聚集药物治疗。双抗组:至少于支架置入前2 h给予顿服负荷剂量阿司匹林300 mg+氯吡格雷300 mg,术后第2天给予阿司匹林100 mg+氯吡格雷75 mg。所有患者均接受术后持续口服6个月阿司匹林(100 mg/d)和术后持续口服3个月氯吡格雷(75 mg/d)治疗。观察并比较两组有效性指标、安全性指标、不良事件及其他并发症发生情况,其中有效性指标为术中及术后72 h内血栓事件发生率,安全性指标为术中及术后早期(术后48 h以内)颅内出血事件发生率、术后晚期(术后48 h及以后)颅内出血事件发生率和脑室外引流相关颅内出血事件(�Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of low-dose tirofiban in stent-assisted coil embolization(SAC)for ruptured intracranial aneurysms.Methods From April 2011 to September 2020,335 patients of ruptured intracranial aneurysms with subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)admitted in the First People′s Hospital of Changzhou were retrospectively analyzed.All cases underwent stent-assisted coil embolization within 24-48 h and antiplatelet medications.The patients were divided into dual antibody group(89 cases)and tirofiban group(246 cases).Baseline and clinical data of all patients were collected for comparison between groups,including age,sex,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,Hunt-Hess grade at admission,modified Fisher scale score at admission,aneurysm diameter(>5 mm,≤5 mm),aneurysm location(anterior circulation,posterior circulation),postoperative acute hydrocephalus or intraventricular hemorrhage,postoperative complete embolization rate of ruptured aneurysm.All patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysm with SAH were confirmed by emergency cerebral CT scan after admission.The Raymond grading criteria were used to evaluate the embolization effect after operation:gradeⅠrefers to no development(complete embolization),gradeⅡrefers to only aneurysm neck development(incomplete embolization),and gradeⅢrefers to aneurysm body development,in which Raymond gradingⅠorⅡindicates effective embolization.Tirofiban group:4.2μg/kg tirofiban was intravenously injected after the coil was placed in the aneurysm lumen and the stent was released,followed by maintenance dose 0.07μg/(kg·min)for 6-8 h,and aspirin 100 mg and clopidogrel 75 mg were given as sequential dual antiplatelet therapy 2 hours before the tirofiban infusion was stopped.Dual antiplatelet group:a loading dose of aspirin 300 mg and clopidogrel 300 mg was given at least 2 hours before stent implantation,and then transferred to aspirin 100 mg and clopidogrel 75 mg given on the second day after operation.All patients received aspirin(100 mg/d)for 6 months and c

关 键 词：破裂颅内动脉瘤 蛛网膜下腔出血 替罗非班 低剂量 支架结合弹簧圈栓塞术 

分 类 号：R651.12[医药卫生—外科学]