龟瓢虫形态特征及生物学特性  

Morphological and biological characteristics of Epiverta chelonia(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)

作　　者：张永科[1,2] 钱鹏帆 毕天玉 杨银飞 张林 何霞红[1,4] 张宏瑞 ZHANG Yongke;QIAN Pengfan;BI Tianyu;YANG Yinfei;ZHANG Lin;HE Xiahong;ZHANG Hongrui(State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan,College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong 666100,China;Yunnan Province Agro-Tech Extension Center,Kunming 650106,China;Southwest Forestry University,Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China,Ministry of Education,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]云南省热带作物科学研究所,景洪666100 [3]云南省农业技术推广总站,昆明650106 [4]西南林业大学,西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,昆明650224

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第5期238-245,292,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：华坪县农民院士科技服务站(云科协联[2023]9号);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：2021年8月,笔者在乌头虫害调查过程中,发现了一种取食乌头的瓢虫。通过室内饲养观察,描述了其不同虫态的主要形态特征,观察、记录了其生物学特性。结果表明,取食乌头的瓢虫为龟瓢虫Epiverta chelonia(Mader,1933),目前仅分布于中国。该虫以成虫和幼虫取食乌头叶片、嫩茎、花苞。成虫飞翔能力差,有假死性,畏强光。在温度(20±1)℃、相对湿度(65±5)%、光周期L∥D=12 h∥12 h条件下,幼虫平均历期81.86 d,其中4龄幼虫历期最长,平均50.12 d。4龄幼虫的取食面积(取食量)最大,占幼虫期总取食量的71%。In August 2021,we discovered a ladybug that feeds on Aconitum carmichaelii during the conventional survey of insect pests.The main morphological features of ladybug at different stages were described,and their biological characteristics were observed and recorded through indoor rearing.The results showed that the ladybug feeding on the A.carmichaelii was Epiverta chelonia(Mader,1933),which is currently distributed only in China.The adults and larvae of E.chelonia feed on the leaves,young stems and buds of A.carmichaelii.Adults were poor in flying capability,had a behavior of death-feigning(thanatosis),and were afraid of strong light.At(20±1)℃,(65±5)%RH,L∥D=12 h∥12 h conditions the average developmental duration of larvae was 81.86 d,and the duration of the 4th instar was the longest among all the larval development stages,with the average developmental duration of 50.12 d.During the larval development stages,larvae at the 4th instar larvae had the largest feeding area(feeding volume),accounting for 71%of the total larval feeding volume.

关 键 词：乌头 龟瓢虫 形态学 生物学 

分 类 号：S435.67[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]