具备局部放电超声波感知功能的PZT基特高频传感技术  

Research on PZT-Based Ultrasonic-Ultra High Frequency Composite Partial Discharge Sensing Technology

作　　者：张国治 田晗绿 张磊 鲁昌悦 张晓星 Zhang Guozhi;Tian Hanlü;Zhang Lei;Lu Changyue;Zhang Xiaoxing(Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan430068,China;Wuhan NARI Co.Ltd,State Grid Electric Power Research Institute,Wuhan430074,China;College of Power and Mechanical Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan430072,China;Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co.Ltd,Nanning530000,China;Xiangyang Industrial Institute of Hubei University of Technology,Xiangyang441100,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学新能源及电网装备安全监测湖北省工程研究中心,武汉430068 [2]国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司,武汉430074 [3]武汉大学动力与机械学院,武汉430072 [4]广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,南宁530000 [5]襄阳湖北工业大学产业研究院,襄阳441100

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第19期6215-6227,共13页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(2021CFA025);湖北省自然科学基金(2023AFB895)资助项目;国家自然科学基金(52107144)。

摘　　要：针对现场长期无法实现简单、可靠地判断电力设备局部放电(PD)的技术难题,该文基于压电超声波法传感原理和二维平面式特高频传感原理,在前期可行性验证的基础上,采用全向性环形叉指换能器(IDT)电极结构构建了可同时感知PD超声波信号和电磁波信号的锆钛酸铅(PZT)基PD特高频传感器结构,利用COMSOL和HFSS分别构建传感器三维声学和电磁仿真优化模型,获得全面反映复合型传感器超声感知性能的谐振点位移、接收灵敏度及反映高频电磁波感知性能的驻波比(VSWR)参数,并对其进行优化计算。同时分别搭建传感器超声波增益测试平台和PD检测实验平台对传感器性能进行实测。仿真和实验结果表明,该文所设计的PZT基PD特高频传感器在20~200 kHz频带内感知超声波的平均灵敏度为19.6 dB,98 kHz谐振点位移为0.45μm;在0.3~3 GHz频带内感知电磁波的VSWR≤5。该文解决了电力设备PD检测常用的超声波法和特高频法无法利用单一传感器同时感知超声波信号和电磁波信号的问题,为现场电力设备PD的简单、可靠感知提供了新的解决思路。Partial discharge(PD)occurs in the operation of power equipment,and it is very important to effectively detect PD of power equipment.However,the traditional single detection method is easy to be limited by the complex electromagnetic interference and signal sampling rate on the spot,and can not rely on a single detection method to reliably detect the PD of power equipment.In recent years,some methods for PD detection have been proposed,but most of them have the problems of low detection accuracy,high cost of multi-equipment joint detection and complex operation.In order to solve these problems,this paper proposes a PZT-based PD UHF sensor based on the principle of piezoelectric ultrasonic method and two-dimensional planar UHF sensing principle,which can simultaneously perceive ultrasonic signal and electromagnetic wave signal.Through the effective detection of the sensor,the PD characteristic signal of power equipment can be obtained accurately and reliably.Firstly,based on the sensing principle of piezoelectric ultrasonic method and the principle of two-dimensional planar ultra-high frequency sensing,an omnidirectional annular IDT electrode structure is constructed to construct a PZT-based PD ultra-high frequency sensor structure model with simultaneous sensing function of PD ultrasonic signal and electromagnetic wave signal.Secondly,COMSOL and HFSS are used to construct the three-dimensional acoustic and electromagnetic simulation optimization of the sensor.The standing wave ratio parameters of the resonance point displacement,receiving sensitivity and high-frequency electromagnetic wave sensing performance of the comprehensive response composite sensor are simulated and optimized.Thirdly,the sensor ultrasonic gain test platform and PD detection experimental platform are built to measure the performance of the sensor.In this model,the omnidirectional model structure solves the problem that the sensor cannot receive the ultrasonic signal in all directions,and the PZT-based sensor solves the problem that the sens

关 键 词：电力设备 局部放电 超声 特高频 融合感知 

分 类 号：TM855[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]