体外冷冻胚胎处置的伦理困境及其法律规制  

Ethical Dilemmas and Legal Regulations of in Vitro Frozen Embryo Disposal

作　　者：李金峰 Li Jinfeng(School of Law,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学法学院,北京100191

出　　处：《锦州医科大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期22-26,共5页Journal of Jinzhou Medical University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：人工辅助生殖技术不断发展,解决了部分家庭的生育难题,但同时也引发了体外冷冻胚胎处置的伦理及法律困境。体外胚胎的形成和植入之间一般存在时间差。司法实践中,采取胚胎移植方式进行生育的夫妻,从胚胎形成后到植入母体前,如果发生父母一方或双方死亡、离婚或其他不确定因素时,如何妥善处理体外冷冻胚胎已经成为司法难题。我国现有法律体系并未对体外冷冻胚胎的属性进行明确规定。体外冷冻胚胎法律属性的认定要综合考虑社会伦理秩序、个人基本权利与妇女家庭的特殊保护等因素。因此,明晰体外冷冻胚胎处置的法律规制路径,妥善处理法律与社会伦理之间的关系,具有重要的理论和现实意义。The continuous development of artificial assisted reproductive technology has solved the fertility problems of some families,but it also causes the ethical and legal difficulties in the disposal of frozen embryos in vitro.There is generally a time difference between in vitro embryo formation and implantation.In judicial practice,couples who adopt embryo transfer for birth,if the parents or both die,divorce or other uncertain factors,how to properly deal with the frozen embryos in vitro has become a judicial problem.China's existing legal system does not clearly stipulate the attributes of in vitro frozen embryos.The determination of the legal attribute of in vitro frozen embryos should take into account the social ethical order,individual basic rights and the special protection of women's families.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to clarify the legal regulation path of the disposal of in vitro frozen embryos and to properly handle the relationship between law and social ethics.

关 键 词：冷冻胚胎 法律规制 伦理秩序 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]