不同土壤管理方式对南疆芽变香梨优系土壤养分及酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Soil Management Methods on Soil Nutrients and Enzyme Activities of Fragrant Pear Buds in Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：郭松超 庄元 郭凯璐 余明杨 包建平[1] 陈强[1] GUO Songchao;ZHUANG Yuan;GUO Kailu;YU Mingyang;BAO Jianping;CHEN Qiang(College of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Efficient and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology for Southern Xinjiang Characteristic Fruit Trees,Alaer,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第18期72-83,共12页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：第一师阿拉尔市科技计划资助项目(2022NY03)。

摘　　要：以芽变香梨优系为试材,设置了CK(无覆盖)、T1(地布覆盖)、T2(生草覆盖)、T3(菌肥)、T4(有机肥)、T5(有机肥+菌肥)6种农艺处理,研究了不同田间管理方式对土壤养分及酶活性的影响,以期为解决芽变香梨优系在栽培过程中土壤管理提供参考依据。结果表明:较CK,T1~T5处理浅层碱解氮、有效磷全氮、全磷、有机质含量均有显著提高;T3~T5处理速效钾含量较CK提高显著;对比CK,施用T1~T5措施处理均可以提高土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性;T1~T5处理提高深层土壤养分含量、酶活性的效果随处理时间延长不断增强;综合分析,增加地面覆盖部分T2处理改良果园土壤效果更优,增施肥部分T5处理提高果园养分作用显著。建议梨园地面覆盖措施选用生草覆盖并定期施用菌肥、有机肥。Taking bud fragrant pear as the test material,CK(no cover),T1(floor cover),T2(raw grass cover),T3(bacteria fertilizer),T4(organic fertilizer),T5(organic fertilizer+fertilizer)6 kinds of agronomic treatments were carried out to study the effects of different field management on the soil nutrients and enzyme activity,in order to provide reference for solving soil management problems in the cultivation process of budding pear superior strains.The results showed that compared with CK,in the late test fertilization treatment and covering treatment 0-20 cm soil nutrient content had increased,including T5 treatment best,the alkali nitrogen content increased by 39.24%,catalase activity increased by 83.88%,fertilization,ground cover treatment improves the bud fragrant pear superior shallow soil nutrient content and enzyme activity,increase covering and add organic fertilizer,fungus fertilizer to create a good orchard soil environment.

关 键 词：田间管理 土壤养分 酶活性 

分 类 号：S662.09[农业科学—果树学]