界面结霜机理及抑霜技术研究进展  

Review on Interfacial Frosting and Anti-/Defrosting Techniques

作　　者：蔡灏亭 张瑞敏 赵玉刚 Cai Haoting;Zhang Ruimin;Zhao Yugang(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering,School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,200093,China;Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-Icing,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang,621000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海市动力工程多相流与传热重点实验室,上海200093 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心结冰与防除冰重点实验室,绵阳621000

出　　处：《制冷学报》2024年第5期31-46,共16页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52276079)资助项目。

摘　　要：界面结霜现象在日常生活和许多工业应用中普遍存在。由于霜层主要由小枝晶和离散的气穴组成,霜层表现为有厚度的多孔介质,从而严重影响暖通空调和制冷系统的传热效率。几个世纪以来,界面结霜一直作为热门研究课题之一,但直至最近才取得一些新的进展,例如揭示了霜在形成初期阶段的新特征,这些特征过去因为过快或过小而无法捕捉,还基于其原理开发了新的除霜、抑霜技术。文章对结霜现象进行了全面综述,尤其最近十年的全新进展。按时间顺序介绍了以冷凝结霜为主的基本原理,包括冷凝成核、冷凝液滴的生长和聚结、结冰成核、冻结环的形成、冻结传播,以及霜层的生长和密集化。总结了近期抑制结霜负面影响的工程措施,即除霜、抑霜两种技术。这些研究成果可以启发人们对冷凝结霜的理解,同时也有助于开发针对在多种应用背景下新的除霜、抑霜方法。Interfacial frosting is ubiquitous in daily life and has many industrial applications.Owing to the poor heat transfer performance induced by packed air pockets,the frost layer usually manifests itself as a thick porous medium,which compromises the operational effectiveness of heat exchangers.Despite extensive studies spanning centuries,condensation frosting has achieved significant advancement only in the last decade.These advancements include the discovery of new physical features during condensation frosting that were too fast or too small to be captured and the development of new anti-/defrosting techniques.This study aims to provide a comprehensive up-to-date review on condensation frosting,particularly its progress in the last decade.The stages of condensation frosting,namely,condensation nucleation,growth of condensed microdrops,icing nucleation,formation of frost halos,frost spreading via ice bridging,and the final densification process,are introduced chronologically.Recent engineering efforts to solve the frosting problem,either by anti-frosting or defrosting,are also discussed.This review sheds light on the existing understanding of condensation frosting and promotes the development of anti-/defrosting techniques.

关 键 词：冷凝结霜 界面效应 结霜特性 抑霜技术 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]