数字安全视角下侵犯虚拟货币的刑法定性与财产处置  

Criminal characterization and property disposal of infringement of virtual currency from the perspective of digital security

作　　者：唐岚敕 刘浩[1] Tang Lanchi;Liu Hao(Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学,北京100084

出　　处：《辽宁公安司法管理干部学院学报》2024年第4期79-88,共10页Journal of Liaoning Administrators College of Police and Justice

基　　金：2024年四川省犯罪防控研究中心课题“数据产权刑法保障的立法逻辑与向度”(项目编号:FZFK24-09)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：针对实践中侵犯虚拟货币行为的刑法定性,审判实务中的裁判结果莫衷一是。刑法理论虽陆续提出了“计算机犯罪说”“财产性犯罪说”和“秩序性区分说”三种不同方案,但均存在一定疑问。解决侵犯虚拟货币的行为定性问题,应当充分考察我国关于虚拟货币的前置性规范文件,考量其数字安全保护视野的确立。以虚拟货币为规范对象的前置法,应将其界定为违禁品而排斥于普通虚拟财产的刑法保护客体之外。解决上述问题,应当独立建构刑法规制方案,参照侵犯违禁品的财产犯罪路径对其予以定性;难以查清货币价值时,可依照情节定罪量刑。同时,根据法秩序统一原理的要求,对于涉案财产处置应采用国家没收的方案,而不应返还给被害人。Regarding the criminal characterization of acts that infringe virtual currency in practice,the judgment results in trial practice are inconsistent.Although criminal law theory has successively proposed three different solutions,namely“computer crime theory”,“property crime theory”and“order distinction theory”,there are certain doubts in all of them.To solve the problem of characterization of acts that infringe virtual currency,we should fully examine China’s pre-regulatory documents on virtual currency and consider the establishment of its digital security protection vision.Pre-regulatory laws that regulate virtual currency should define it as contraband and exclude it from the protection objects of ordinary virtual property in criminal law.To solve the above problems,we should independently construct a criminal law regulation plan and characterize it by referring to the property crime path of infringing contraband;when it is difficult to ascertain the value of the currency,the conviction and sentencing can be based on the circumstances.At the same time,according to the principle of unity of legal order,the property involved in the case should be confiscated by the state,but not be returned to the victim.

关 键 词：侵犯虚拟货币 数字安全 刑法定性 财产处置 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]