接种蚯蚓对微塑料污染菜地土壤丛枝菌根真菌多样性及辣椒生长的影响  

Impact of earthworm inoculation on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity and pepper growth in microplastics-contaminated vegetable soil

作　　者：肖青青 贺柏平 刘一凡 王鑫 孙东年 林先贵[2] 胡君利[2,3] XIAO Qingqing;HE Baiping;LIU Yifan;WANG Xin;SUN Dongnian;LIN Xiangui;HU Junli(School of Biology,Food and Environment,Hefei University,Hefei 230601,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥大学生物食品与环境学院,合肥230601 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2024年第4期674-679,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41501355);合肥市科技局自主创新政策“借转补”项目(J2019D04);安徽省教育厅新时代育人质量工程项目(2023jyjxggyjY255)资助。

摘　　要：现代集约化种植导致菜地土壤微塑料污染问题日益突出.丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌在改善植物营养和增强宿主抗逆性方面具有重要作用,研究接种蚯蚓对土著AM真菌多样性及其功能的影响具有生产指导价值.采用盆栽实验,按0.1%向土壤中添加微塑料聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET),发现接种赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)处理,土壤有机碳与有效磷含量分别显著降低8.3%和20.3%,土著AM真菌的物种丰富度和多样性指数也整体趋于下降,其中最优势属由球囊霉属(Glomus,占51.9%)转为类球囊霉属(Paraglomus,占45.6%);但AM真菌种群丰度、辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)根系AM真菌侵染率、植株生物量和果实产量显著提高47%至79%不等.冗余分析和相关性分析发现,辣椒果实产量与茎叶生物量显著正相关,后者又与AM真菌种群丰度、侵染率及土壤碱性磷酸酶活性显著正相关;而AM真菌多样性指数则与土壤有机碳含量显著正相关,前者降低是蚯蚓对土壤AM真菌群落物种组成所形成的选择过滤作用,后者降低则是蚯蚓对微塑料的摄食蓄积作用及对土壤呼吸的强化效果.本研究表明,微塑料PET污染菜地接种蚯蚓在降低AM真菌多样性的同时会促进AM真菌种群的扩繁、侵染并增强其促生功能.(图3表4参51)Modern intensive planting has led to increasing soil microplastic(MP)contamination in vegetable fields.Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi are known to enhance plant nutrient uptake and resistance.This study investigates the impact of earthworm inoculation on the diversity and functionality of indigenous AM fungi in soil.A pot experiment was conducted using soil amended with 0.1%polyethylene terephthalate(PET).Inoculation with earthworms(Eisenia fetida)significantly reduced soil organic carbon and available phosphorus concentrations by 8.3% and 20.3%,respectively.It also tended to reduce species richness and diversity indices of indigenous AM fungi,shifting the dominant genus from Glomus(51.9% relative abundance)to Paraglomus(45.6% relative abundance).Additionally,earthworm inoculation significantly increased the population size and colonization rate of AM fungi,as well as the biomass and fruit yield of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)by 47% to 79%.Redundancy and correlation analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between pepper fruit yield and shoot biomass,with shoot biomass positively correlated with AM fungal population size,colonization rate,and soil alkaline phosphatase activity.However,AM fungal diversity indices were positively correlated with soil organic carbon concentration.Earthworm inoculation may selectively filter the soil AM fungal community species composition,reducing the diversity indices while ingesting and accumulating MPs,enhancing soil respiration,and decreasing soil organic carbon concentration.In conclusion,earthworm inoculation can promote AM fungal population propagation and colonization by decreasing diversity indices and enhancing their growth-promoting function in MPs(i.e.,PET)-contaminated vegetable fields.

关 键 词：微塑料 丛枝菌根真菌 蚯蚓 辣椒 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] X53[农业科学—园艺学] X17[环境科学与工程—环境工程]