单环刺螠(Urechis unicinctus)刚毛结构与成分分析  

Analysis of the structure and composition of the chaetae of Urechis unicinctus

作　　者：董浩淼 栾利鑫 王方轶 黄栋 许淑超 刘晓玲 焦绪栋[1,2,4] DONG Haomiao;LUAN Lixin;WANG Fangyi;HUANG Dong;XU Shuchao;LIU Xiaoling;JIAO Xudong(Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China;Beibu Gulf University,Qinzhou 535011,China;Weifang Fisheries Technology Extension Station,Weifang 261061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100043 [3]烟台大学,山东烟台264005 [4]北部湾大学,广西钦州535011 [5]潍坊市渔业技术推广站,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《海洋科学》2024年第7期111-117,共7页Marine Sciences

基　　金：山东省水产种业领军企业项目;烟台市水产种业提升项目。

摘　　要：单环刺螠(Urechis unicinctus)具有腹刚毛和尾刚毛。为探究单环刺螠刚毛结构与成分,本文采用扫描电镜对其刚毛的内外形态进行了观察;利用傅里叶红外光谱、X-射线衍射分析了其主要成分;基于现有的转录组数据分析了与其代谢相关的基因种类和潜在通路;初步分析了刚毛结构特点与其年龄的关系。结果表明,单环刺螠一般具有2根腹刚毛,8~13根尾刚毛;腹刚毛细长,弧度较大;尾刚毛粗短,弧度平缓;随年龄增长,刚毛长度和直径均有所增加;且年龄越大,刚毛表面的结节状特征越为明显。刚毛由直径约1μm的微纤维组成,呈倾斜的层状结构纵向排列,每层平均宽度为(172±27)μm;成分分析发现其主要由α-几丁质构成,还含有蛋白质成分。通过生物信息学分析发现单环刺螠体内存在与几丁质代谢相关酶,并推测了其潜在的代谢通路;研究结果为判断单环刺螠的年龄及生长状态提供了一定的理论基础。Urechis unicinctus has ventral and caudal chaetae.To explore the structure and composition of the chaetae of U.unicinctus,the internal and external morphology of the chaetae were observed via scanning electron microscopy.The main components were analyzed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.Based on existing transcriptome data,the gene types and potential pathways related to their metabolism were ana-lyzed.The relationship between the structural characteristics of chaetae and age was preliminarily analyzed.The results showed that U.unicinctus usually had 2 ventral chaetae and 8–13 caudal chaetae.The ventral chaetae were slender,and their curvature was large;conversely,the caudal chaetae were thick and short,and the curvature was gentle.With increasing age,the length and diameter of the chaetae increased.In addition,the older the age,the more obvious the nodular features on the surface of chaetae.The chaetae were composed of chitin microfibers ap-proximately 1μm in diameter,which were longitudinally arranged in an inclined layered structure.The average width of each layer was(172±27)µm.Component analysis showed that the chaetae were mainly composed ofα-chitin and contained protein components.Through bioinformatics analysis,enzymes related to chitin metabolism were found in U.unicinctus,and the potential metabolic pathways were speculated.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for determining the age and growth status of U.unicinctus.

关 键 词：单环刺螠 刚毛 几丁质 成分分析 

分 类 号：P745[天文地球—海洋生物学]