数字经济、人力资本流动与企业自主创新——基于中国创新调查企业的证据  

Digital Economy,Human Capital Mobility and Firms'Independent Innovation:Evidence Based on Chinese Innovation Survey Firms

作　　者：金环 于立宏[2] 吴磊 HUAN JIN;LIHONG YU;LEI WU(Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications;East China University of Science and Technology;Harbin Normal University)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学经济学院 [2]华东理工大学商学院 [3]哈尔滨师范大学传媒学院

出　　处：《产业经济评论》2024年第5期110-126,共17页Review of Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“逆全球化时代中国战略性新兴产业供应链重塑研究”(批准号:21AZD110);国家自然科学基金青年项目“数据价值化对企业数字技术创新的影响研究”(批准号:72403130);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目“数字经济驱动新质生产力的机制与路径研究”(批准号:2024SJYB0116);南京邮电大学人文社会科学基金项目“数字技术创新驱动企业高质量发展的影响机理与政策优化研究”(批准号:NYY223029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文选取2011—2014年全国创新调查企业数据,基于人力资本流动视角,考察了数字经济对制造业企业自主创新的影响。研究发现,数字经济发展能够有效推动企业自主创新。其中,数字经济通过引发人力资本流动,提升了硕士及以上学历员工、技术员工在企业内部的占比,是推动企业自主创新的重要途径,但这种机制可能会强化中国“西低东高”的区域创新格局,并进一步拉大制造业内部创新差距,形成以“熊彼特效应”占优为主导的产业结构。此外,数字经济发展对企业自主创新的影响在处于不同市场化水平和政务化水平的分位区间内表现出显著差异性。This paper selects the data of national innovation survey enterprises from 2011 to 2014,and examines the impact of digital economy on the independent innovation of manufacturing enterprises based on the perspective of human capital flow.It is found that the development of digital economy can effectively promote the independent innovation of enterprises.Among them,the digital economy triggers the flow of human capital,increasing the proportion of employees with master's degree or above and skilled employees in enterprises,which is an important way to promote independent innovation,but this mechanism may strengthen China's"west-low-east-high"regional innovation pattern,and further widen the innovation gap within the manufacturing industry,forming a"Schumpeterian effect"based on the"Schumpeterian effect",which is the most important factor in the development of the digital economy.However,this mechanism may strengthen China's regional innovation pattern of"low west and high east"and further widen the innovation gap within the manufacturing industry,resulting in an industrial structure dominated by the"Schumpeter effect".In addition,the impact of the development of the digital economy on the independent innovation of enterprises shows significant variability across quartiles with different levels of marketization and governmentalization.

关 键 词：数字经济 技术创新 制造业 创新差距 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] F273.1[经济管理—国民经济] F49