油田增产作业过程中油层保护配套技术研究  

Research on supporting technologies for reservoir protection during stimulation operations in oilfields

作　　者：刘建刚 LIU Jiangang(Resarch Institrtule of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院,西安710065

出　　处：《非常规油气》2024年第5期149-156,共8页Unconventional Oil & Gas

基　　金：延长石油集团公司研究院项目“延长油田低产液水平井措施优化及增产技术”(ycsy2018ky-b-12)。

摘　　要：为了搞清油田增产作业过程中应如何有效保护油层,针对油田开发进入中后期所面临的油藏条件日益复杂的问题,开展了油层伤害分析及油层保护工艺技术等方面的研究工作。研究结果表明:不同砂层组之间存在敏感性差异,评价结果为增产作业设计和油层保护措施的制定提供了重要依据。清水、卤水、未处理油田采出水和常规酸液均会对油层造成不同程度的伤害,伤害率一般为30%~80%,伤害机理包括黏土矿物水化膨胀、机械性堵塞和化学反应产生的沉淀等。在洗井过程中采用低密度洗井液洗井技术,与清水洗井相比,能够显著提高增油效果。压井过程中采用低伤害压井液压井技术和“带压”作业工艺,能有效减少压井液对油层的伤害,提高岩心渗透率恢复率达到88%以上。该研究成果,对提高油田开发效率和最终采收率、延长油井生产周期以及实现油田开发高效、安全、环保的目标具有重要指导意义。In order to clarify how to effectively protect the reservoir during the process of stimulation operation in oilfields,and in response to the increasingly complex reservoir conditions faced by oilfields in the middle and later stages of development,oil reservoir damage analysis and oil reservoir protection technology were researched.Research showed that there are sensitivity differences between different sand layers,and the evaluation results provide important basis for the design of stimulation operations and the formulation of reservoir protection measures.Clear water,brine,untreated oilfield produced water,and common acid liquids can all cause diffident damages to reservoirs,with damage ratio generally ranging from^(3)0%to 80%.The damage mechanisms include clay mineral hydration expansion,mechanical blockage,and precipitation generated by chemical reactions.The low-density flushing fluid during the flushing process can significantly improve stimulation effects compared to clean water.During the well killing process,well killing fluid with low damage technology and“pressurized”operation technology can effectively reduce the reservoir damage of well killing fluid and improve the recovery ratio of core permeability to over 88%.The above achievements have important guiding significance for improving the development effects and ultimate recovery of oilfields,extending the production cycle of oil wells,and achieving the goals of efficient,safe,and environmentally friendly oilfield development.

关 键 词：油层保护 增产作业 敏感性评价 压井技术 注水水质处理 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]