试析日本大正、昭和之际咖啡馆的变异  

A Transformation of the Caféand Bar Crossing Taisho and Showa Times in Japan

作　　者：郭小鹏[1] Guo Xiaopeng

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学历史与旅游文化学院

出　　处：《世界历史评论》2024年第3期143-156,M0005,M0006,共16页The World History Review

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“一战后日本的‘转向’与对外战略误判研究”(项目编号:17JJD770010)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：日本近代的咖啡馆是文明开化的产物。然而,西方的咖啡馆文化在日本发生变异,演变为大正、昭和之际的风俗咖啡馆。风俗咖啡馆的经营核心为女招待提供的情色服务,辅之以暧昧的半公共空间,代表了享乐、猎奇、颓废的城市文化,受到中产阶级的欢迎。风俗咖啡馆在昭和初期达到顶峰,因其对社会风化的不良影响,遭到日本当局的强力镇压,最终消失于历史舞台。“咖啡亡国”是当时社会对城市文化的挞伐,以改造国家为旗号的昭和维新加强了文化统制,压缩乃至消灭了中产阶级的公共空间,中断了日本向大众社会转变的历史进程。Caféin modern Japan was the product of“Becoming Civilized”.However,the western caféculture varied in Japan,which turned into the caféand bar crossing Taisho and Showa Times.The caféand bar focused on the erotic service of waitress,providing ambiguous public space,led the city culture of erotic,grotesque,nonsense,which was popular in middle class.The early Showa was the golden time of the caféand bar,which led to powerful repression of authorities in case of the negative effect to social moral.At last,the caféand bar disappeared.The reason was the criticism to city culture.The Showa Restoration,which aimed to transforming the country,compressed and wiped out the public space of the middle class,so it interrupted the process to Mess Consumption Society in modern Japan.

关 键 词：大正 昭和 风俗咖啡馆 中产阶级 公共空间 

分 类 号：F719[经济管理—产业经济] K313.4[历史地理—历史学]