基于瓶内-瓶外结合的濒危药用植物茅苍术组培快繁研究  

Study on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of the Endangered Medicinal Plant Atractylodes lancea Based on in vitro and ex vitro Combination

作　　者：杨增财 刘梦雪 谷巍[1,2] 汤敏 吴文庆 吴垠志 甘逸夫 李齐 Yang Zengcai;Liu Mengxue;Gu Wei;Tang Min;Wu Wenqing;Wu Yinzhi;Gan Yifu;Li Qi(School of Pharmacy,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization,Nanjing 210023,China;State Key Lab.of Dao-di Herbs,Beijng 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学药学院,江苏南京210023 [2]江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心,江苏南京210023 [3]道地药材国家重点实验室,北京100700

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2024年第8期57-63,共7页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81573520);国家中医药管理局中药资源保障能力提升项目(2023);名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设项目(2060302)。

摘　　要：目的:优化茅苍术离体培养方法及条件,建立一种茅苍术高效组培快繁技术体系。方法:以茅苍术无菌苗为外植体,优化培养条件,筛选最佳增殖培养基,并采用组培瓶内-瓶外结合对茅苍术继代芽苗进行生根诱导,获得组培苗。结果:茅苍术胚轴切割以横切、仅保留下胚轴最佳,平均增殖系数为3.80;光照强度6000 lx更适于茅苍术不定芽诱导,平均增殖系数达4.36。茅苍术最适不定芽增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖50 g/L,增殖系数为12.96±1.55,单芽最高增殖系数可达15,农艺性状整齐度最高。瓶外生根过程中,育苗周期较瓶内生根方式可缩短14 d左右,最适生根基质为草炭∶珍珠岩∶蛭石=3∶1∶1;瓶外生根平均成活率达95.00%,显著高于瓶内生根。结论:通过结合瓶内培养与瓶外生根技术,建立了一种创新性的茅苍术组培快繁技术体系,在缩短育苗周期的同时,提高茅苍术成活率,为濒危药用植物茅苍术工厂化育苗提供科学可行的技术支持。Objective:To optimize the methods and conditions of in vitro culture of Atractylodes lancea and establish an efficient technology system for tissue culture and rapid propagation of A.lancea.Methods:Using the sterile seedling of A.lancea as explants,the culture conditions were optimized,the best proliferation medium was screened,and the combination of in vitro and ex vitro was used to induce the root of the subculture seedlings of A.lancea to obtain the tissue culture seedlings.Results:The optimal hypocotyl cutting method was transection and hypocotyl preservation,with an average proliferation coefficient of 3.80.The light intensity of 6000 lx was more suitable for the induction of indefinite shoots,with an average proliferation coefficient of 4.36.The optimal culture medium for adventitious bud proliferation of A.lancea was MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+sucrose 50 g/L,the proliferation coefficient was 12.96±1.55,the highest proliferation coefficient of single bud could up to 15,and the uniformity of agronomic traits was the highest.In the process of rooting in ex vitro,the seedling cycle can be shortened by about 14 d compared with the rooting method in vitro.The optimum rooting substrates was peat∶perlite∶vermiculite=3∶1∶1.The average survival rate of ex vitro rooting was 95.00%,which was significantly higher than that of in vitro rooting.Conclusion:In this study,an innovative technology system of tissue culture and rapid propagation of A.lancea was established by combining in vitro culture with ex vitro rooting technology,which could shorten the seedling cycle and improve the survival rate of A.lancea,and provide scientific and feasible technical support for the factory cultivation of endangered medicinal plant of A.lancea.

关 键 词：茅苍术 组培快繁 不定芽 增殖 瓶外生根 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]