瓦斯超限预警技术研究及系统应用  

Research and system application of gas overlimit early warning technology

作　　者：朱墨然 Zhu Moran(State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Prevention and Control,Chongqing 400037,China;CCTEG Chongqing Research Institute,Chongqing 400037,China)

机构地区：[1]煤矿灾害防控全国重点实验室,重庆400037 [2]中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司,重庆400037

出　　处：《能源与环保》2024年第9期16-22,共7页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(52104239);天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目(2023-TD-ZD001-002)。

摘　　要：随着煤矿采掘深度的增加,瓦斯超限逐渐成为制约煤炭高效生产的主要因素。煤矿瓦斯超限具有影响因素多、随机性强、发生频率高等特点。针对目前瓦斯超限预警技术能力较弱的问题,分析了瓦斯地质、采掘活动、矿井通风、瓦斯抽采和其他因素对瓦斯超限的影响规律,其中瓦斯地质是瓦斯超限的必要条件,采掘过快、通风异常和抽采异常是导致瓦斯超限主要原因,违章放炮、防突措施落实不到位等管理因素也是间接导致瓦斯瓦斯超限的重要因素。以监测监控数据为基础,从数理统计的角度建立了瓦斯高值异常预警、突变异常预警和均值异常预警3类预警指标,统计预警指标能够对传感器移位、掉落、故障等非常规瓦斯超限因素进行识别,与致因预警指标形成互补。开发了瓦斯超限预警系统,实现了瓦斯资料的统一管控、瓦斯超限多维分析预警、超限联动控制和运维管理,显著提高了煤矿瓦斯超限预警分析及处置能力。系统成功在保德煤矿应用,应用期间未发生瓦斯超限事故。瓦斯超限预警系统的开发应用可为煤矿瓦斯“零超限”目标管理提供有力技术保障。With the increase in coal mining depth,gas overlimit has gradually become a major factor restricting the efficient production of coal.Gas overlimit in coal mines is characterized by multiple influencing factors,strong randomness and a high frequency of occurrences.Addressing the current issue of weak gas overlimit early warning technology,the impact law of gas geology,mining activities,mine ventilation,gas extraction and other factors on the gas overlimit was analyzed.Gas geology is identified as a necessary condition for gas overlimit,while excessive mining speed,abnormal ventilation,and extraction anomalies are identified as the main causes.Management factors such as unauthorized blasting and inadequate implementation of anti outburst measures are also important indirect factors leading to gas and gas exceeding limits.Based on monitoring data,three types of early warning indicators were established from the perspective of mathematical statistics:high-value gas anomaly early warning,sudden change anomaly early warning,and mean anomaly early warning.Statistical early warning indicators can identify unconventional factors leading to gas overlimit,such as sensor displacement,drops,malfunctions,et al.complementing causative early warning indicators.Gas overlimit early warning system was developed,achieving unified control of gas data,multi-dimensional analysis and early warning of gas overlimit,overlimit linkage control and operation and maintenance.This significantly enhanced the analysis and disposal capabilities of gas overlimit early warning in coal mines.The system was successfully applied in Baode Coal Mine.During the application period,no gas overlimit accidents occurred.The development and application of the gas overlimit early warning system provide strong technical support for achieving the"zero overlimit"goal in coal mine gas management.

关 键 词：瓦斯超限 瓦斯地质 超限预警 预警指标 预警体系 

分 类 号：TD713[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]